Diverse roles of long non‐coding RNAs in viral diseases

Ginn, Lucy; Montagna, Manuela La; Wu, Qinghua; Shi, Lei

doi:10.1002/rmv.2198

Cited by 22 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 128 publications

(202 reference statements)

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“…Evidence indicates that lncRNAs act as versatile molecules in regulating various biological processes, such as differentiation, apoptosis, and immune responses [ 11–13 ]. lncRNAs regulate gene expression by regulating transcriptional factors, inducing chromatin modification, affecting RNA processing events, sponging microRNAs (miRNAs), and affecting RNA stability [ 14 ]. While a substantially large number of studies have investigated lncRNAs in various types of cancers as therapeutic vulnerabilities and prognostic markers, the role that lncRNAs play to regulate innate as well as acquired immune processes has not been extensively studied in animals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential expression of long non-coding RNAs under Peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) infection in goats

et al. 2022

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Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) characterized by fever, sore mouth, conjunctivitis, gastroenteritis, and pneumonia, is an acute, highly contagious viral disease of sheep and goats. The role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in PPRV infection has not been explored to date. In this study, the transcriptome profiles of virulent Peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) infected goat tissues – lung and spleen were analyzed to identify the role of lncRNAs in PPRV infection. A total of 13,928 lncRNA transcripts were identified, out of which 170 were known lncRNAs. Intergenic lncRNAs (7625) formed the major chunk of the novel lncRNA transcripts. Differential expression analysis revealed that 15 lncRNAs (11 downregulated and 4 upregulated) in the PPRV infected spleen samples and 16 lncRNAs (13 downregulated and 3 upregulated) in PPRV infected lung samples were differentially expressed as compared to control. The differentially expressed lncRNAs (DElncRNAs) possibly regulate various immunological processes related to natural killer cell activation, antigen processing and presentation, and B cell activity, by regulating the expression of mRNAs through the cis- or trans-regulatory mechanism. Functional enrichment analysis of differentially expressed mRNAs (DEmRNAs) revealed enrichment of immune pathways and biological processes in concordance with the pathways in which correlated lncRNA-neighboring genes were enriched. The results suggest that a coordinated immune response is raised in both lung and spleen tissues of the goat through mRNA-lncRNA crosstalk.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential expression of long non-coding RNAs under Peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) infection in goats

et al. 2022

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“…LncRNAs play crucial roles in the host response to viral infections (Ginn et al;Kesheh et al;Fortes and Morris 2016;Liu and Ding 2017). However, previous studies mostly focused on specific cell lines or bulk tissues.…”

Section: Cell-type Dynamic Regulation Of Lncrnas Upon Ebov Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vivo single-cell profiling of lncRNAs during Ebola virus infection

Santus

García-Pérez

Sopena-Rios

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are pivotal mediators of systemic immune response to viral infection, yet most studies concerning their expression and functions upon immune stimulation are limited to in vitro bulk cell populations. This strongly constrains our understanding of how lncRNA expression varies at single-cell resolution, and how their cell-type specific immune regulatory roles may differ compared to protein-coding genes. Here, we perform the first in-depth characterization of lncRNA expression variation at single-cell resolution during Ebola virus (EBOV) infection in vivo. Using bulk RNA-sequencing from 119 samples and 12 tissue types, we significantly expand the current macaque lncRNA annotation. We then profile lncRNA expression variation in immune circulating single-cells during EBOV infection and find that lncRNAs' expression in fewer cells is a major differentiating factor from their protein-coding gene counterparts. Upon EBOV infection, lncRNAs present dynamic and mostly cell-type specific changes in their expression profiles especially in monocytes, the main cell type targeted by EBOV. Such changes are associated with gene regulatory modules related to important innate immune responses such as interferon response and purine metabolism. Within infected cells, several lncRNAs have positively and negatively correlated expression with viral load, suggesting that expression of some of these lncRNAs might be directly hijacked by EBOV to attack host cells. This study provides novel insights into the roles that lncRNAs play in the host response to acute viral infection and paves the way for future lncRNA studies at single-cell resolution.

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“…In vitro and in vivo models showed that after IAV infection especially in lung cells, according to corresponding retinoic acid‐inducible gene I (RIG‐I)‐dependent signalling pathway and following interferon beta (IFN‐β) induction, the level of interferon‐stimulated lncRNA (lncRNA ISR) increased and it was able to suppress viral replication. 31 , 32 …”

Section: Long Noncoding Rnasmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In vitro and in vivo models showed that after IAV infection especially in lung cells, according to corresponding retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I)-dependent signalling pathway and following interferon beta (IFN-β) induction, the level of interferon-stimulated lncRNA (lncRNA ISR) increased and it was able to suppress viral replication. 31,32 ISG20 belongs to the 3 0 -5 0 exonuclease super family that displays effective antiviral activity against several RNA viruses, including IAV. ISG20 inhibits the replication of IAV by interacting with viral NP protein and inhibiting viral polymerase activity.…”

Section: Lncrnas That Prevent Iav Replicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long noncoding RNAs in respiratory viruses: A review

Kesheh

Mahmoudvand

Shokri

2021

Reviews in Medical Virology

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Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are defined as RNA molecules longer than 200 nucleotides that can regulate gene expression at the transcriptional or post‐transcriptional levels. Both human lncRNAs and lncRNAs encoded by viruses can modulate the expression of host genes which are critical for viral replication, latency, activation of signalling pathways, cytokine and chemokine production, RNAi processing, expression of interferons (IFNs) and interferon‐stimulated genes (ISGs). Studies on lncRNAs as key regulators of host‐virus interactions may give new insights into therapeutic strategies for the treatment of related diseases. This current review focuses on the role of lncRNAs, and their interactions with respiratory viruses including influenza A virus (IAV), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2).

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Diverse roles of long non‐coding RNAs in viral diseases

Cited by 22 publications

References 128 publications

Differential expression of long non-coding RNAs under Peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) infection in goats

Differential expression of long non-coding RNAs under Peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) infection in goats

In vivo single-cell profiling of lncRNAs during Ebola virus infection

Long noncoding RNAs in respiratory viruses: A review

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