Distribution of perineuronal nets in the human superior olivary complex

Schmidt, Elise; Wolski, Thomas P.; Kulesza, Randy J.

doi:10.1016/j.heares.2010.03.077

Cited by 17 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 63 publications

(118 reference statements)

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“…To analyze the morphology of MSO neurons, sections were stained for Nissl substance with neutral red according to a protocol optimized for human tissue (Schmidt et al, 2010). For morphometric analyses, sections were randomly (but systematically) selected and only neurons with visible nucleoli and cell bodies that were completely within the tissue section were included.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Air pollution is associated with brainstem auditory nuclei pathology and delayed brainstem auditory evoked potentials

Calderón‐Garcidueñas

D’Angiulli²,

Kulesza

et al. 2011

Intl J of Devlp Neuroscience

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We assessed brainstem inflammation in children exposed to air pollutants by comparing brainstem auditory evoked potentials (BAEPs) and blood inflammatory markers in children age 96.3± 8.5 months from highly polluted (n=34) versus a low polluted city (n=17). The brainstems of nine children with accidental deaths were also examined. Children from the highly polluted environment had significant delays in wave III (t(50)=17.038; p<0.0001) and wave V (t(50)=19.730; p<0.0001) but no delay in wave I (p=0.548). They also had significantly longer latencies than controls for interwave intervals I–III, III–V, and I–V (all t(50)> 7.501; p<0.0001), consisting with delayed central conduction time of brainstem neural transmission. Highly exposed children showed significant evidence of inflammatory markers and their auditory and vestibular nuclei accumulated α synuclein and/or β amyloid 1–42. Medial superior olive neurons, critically involved in BAEPs, displayed significant pathology. Children’s exposure to urban air pollution increases their risk for auditory and vestibular impairment.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Air pollution is associated with brainstem auditory nuclei pathology and delayed brainstem auditory evoked potentials

Calderón‐Garcidueñas

D’Angiulli²,

Kulesza

et al. 2011

Intl J of Devlp Neuroscience

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“…It has also been identified in different organisms, such as mouse, rat, opossum, monkey, and human (Brückner et al, 1998b;Sayed et al, 2002;Horn et al, 2003;Hilbig et al, 2007;Schmidt et al, 2010).With the use of WFA staining, the PNN has mainly been localized to parvalbumin (PV)-positive GABAergic interneurons in the CNS, although it has also been described in other neurons, such as pyramidal neurons from parietal cortex and neurons in medial nucleus of the trapezoid body (Takahashi-Iwanaga et al, 1998;Härtig et al, 2001;Wegner et al, 2003). Aggrecan antibodies give a slightly different distribution, with PNNs around neurons in most layers of the cortex, with different neurons surrounded by aggrecan with different glycosylation patterns (Matthews et al, 2002).…”

Section: The Role Of the Pnn In Neuronsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extracellular matrix and perineuronal nets in CNS repair

Kwok

Dick

Wang

et al. 2011

Developmental Neurobiology

348

304

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A perineuronal net (PNN) is a layer of lattice-like matrix which enwraps the surface of the soma and dendrites, and in some cases the axon initial segments, in sub-populations of neurons in the central nervous system (CNS). First reported by Camillo Golgi more than a century ago, the molecular structure and the potential role of this matrix have only been unraveled in the last few decades. PNNs are mainly composed of hyaluronan, chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans, link proteins, and tenascin R. The interactions between these molecules allow the formation of a stable pericellular complex surrounding synapses on the neuronal surface. PNNs appear late in development co-incident with the closure of critical periods for plasticity. They play a direct role in the control of CNS plasticity, and their removal is one way in which plasticity can be re-activated in the adult CNS. In this review, we examine the molecular components and formation of PNNs, their role in maturation and synaptic plasticity after CNS injury, and the possible mechanisms of PNN action.

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“…The GBCs and calyx terminals are characteristically CR ( Figure 1 ; Arai et al, 1991 ; Resibois and Rogers, 1992 ; Lohmann and Friauf, 1996 ; Bazwinsky et al, 2005 ), Rab3a and VGLUT1 positive ( Felmy and Schneggenburger, 2004 ). The principal neurons of the MNTB are distinctively CB-IR and perineuronal nets are known to ensheath the soma and primary dendrites of these neurons ( Figure 1 ; Härtig et al, 2001 ; Hilbig et al, 2007 ; Schmidt et al, 2010 ; Blosa et al, 2013 ) and MNTB neurons are known to specifically express the Kv3.1b potassium channel ( Wang et al, 1998 ).…”

Section: Introduction: the Mntb Dilemmamentioning

confidence: 99%

Yes, there is a medial nucleus of the trapezoid body in humans

Kulesza

Grothe

2015

Front. Neuroanat.

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The medial nucleus of the trapezoid body (MNTB) is a collection of brainstem neurons that function within the ascending auditory pathway. MNTB neurons are associated with a number of anatomical and physiological specializations which make these cells especially well-equipped to provide extremely fast and precise glycinergic inhibition to its target neurons in the superior olivary complex and ventral nucleus of the lateral lemniscus. The inhibitory influence of MNTB neurons plays essentials roles in the localization of sound sources and encoding temporal features of complex sounds. The morphology, afferent and efferent connections and physiological response properties of MNTB neurons have been well-characterized in a number of laboratory rodents and some carnivores. Furthermore, the MNTB has been positively identified in all mammals examined, ranging from opossum and mice to chimpanzees. From the early 1970s through 2009, a number of studies denied the existence of the MNTB in humans and consequentially, the existence of this nucleus in the human brain has been debated for nearly 50 years. The absence of the MNTB from the human brain would negate current principles of sound localization and would require a number of novel adaptations, entirely unique to humans. However, a number of recent studies of human post-mortem tissue have provided evidence supporting the existence of the MNTB in humans. It therefore seems timely to review the structure and function of the MNTB, critically review the literature which led to the denial of the human MNTB and then review recent investigations supporting the existence of the MNTB in the human brain.

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Distribution of perineuronal nets in the human superior olivary complex

Cited by 17 publications

References 63 publications

Air pollution is associated with brainstem auditory nuclei pathology and delayed brainstem auditory evoked potentials

Air pollution is associated with brainstem auditory nuclei pathology and delayed brainstem auditory evoked potentials

Extracellular matrix and perineuronal nets in CNS repair

Yes, there is a medial nucleus of the trapezoid body in humans

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