Distribution of chylomicrons and albumin in dog kidney

Pinter, G. G.

doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1967.sp008329

Cited by 26 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Slotkoff and Lilienfield [1967] point out that the osmotic effect of the extravascular protein could be enhanced if it were to be broken down into smaller molecules by the enzymes present in the kidney. Pinter [1967] has suggested that the peculiar properties of mixtures of albumen and acid mucopolysaccharides in the interstitial tissues may contribute to a very high osmotic difference between the collecting ducts and the interstitium. The present investigation confirms that there is a large amount of extravascular albumen and the fact that the rapid protein leak probably takes place from the ascending vasa recta supports the idea of a form of counter-current mechanism.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They found a rapid loss of protein from post-glomerular vessels; 50 per cent of extravascular protein exchanged in 12 minutes -a very rapid rate of exchange compared to that of other organs. Pinter [1967], using isotope-labelled chylomicrons as an indicator of intravascular plasma space, found a large quantity of extravascular albumen in the kidney, equivalent to 31 per cent of the total renal albumen.…”

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Extravascular Protein in the Renal Medulla

Moffat¹

1969

Exp Physiol

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The permeability to protein of the vessels of the renal medulla in the rat was studied by intravenous injection of Evans' Blue or fluorescent-labelled serum, followed by perfusion of the whole vascular system with saline. The vessels of the inner medulla and the vasa recta of the vascular bundles of the outer medulla were found to be rapidly and freely permeable to protein. Electron microscopy, after the injection of ferritin, Thorotrast or colloidal gold, showed the vessels probably concerned in the protein leak to be ascending vasa recta and the capillaries of the medulla. The findings support suggestions that extravascular albumen is important in the process of concentration of the urine.THERE is considerable evidence for the existence of a large pool of exchangeable albumen in the kidney, and the results of a number of studies suggest that much of this is extravascular. This has been shown by the many workers who have used radioactive albumen and labelled red cells to investigate the relative distribution of cells and plasma in the kidney Collings and Swann, 1958;Lassen et al., 1958;Goldberg and Lilienfield, 1963;Ochwadt, 1963;Chinard et al., 1964]. More recently, Giirtner et al. [1968] have investigated the problem using 1311 albumen and polyvinylpyrrolidon to follow the fate of large molecules. They found a rapid loss of protein from post-glomerular vessels; 50 per cent of extravascular protein exchanged in 12 minutes -a very rapid rate of exchange compared to that of other organs. Pinter [1967], using isotope-labelled chylomicrons as an indicator of intravascular plasma space, found a large quantity of extravascular albumen in the kidney, equivalent to 31 per cent of the total renal albumen.A more direct method was that of Slotkoff and Lilienfield [1967] who injected 131I albumen and 51Cr red cells into dogs and then perfused the vascular system with dextran to clear the vessels of blood. They found a significantly higher proportion of albumen than of red cells remaining in the kidney, presumably indicating an extravascular albumen pool.Attempts to visualize the extravascular albumen directly have met with conflicting results. Pomerantz et al. [1965], using fluorescin-labelled albumen in rats, found that fluorescence microscopy showed extravascular protein, particularly in the medulla, as little as 40 seconds after the injection. Carone et al. [1963, 1967], on the other hand, found albumen only within the vessels. Wilde and Vorburger [1967], who used Evans' Blue in hamsters, described and illustrated extravascular dye in freeze-dried kidneys embedded in Epon. A number of other authors who have used Evans' Blue to study the renal circulation have noticed staining of the kidneys as an incidental 60

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Extravascular Protein in the Renal Medulla

Moffat¹

1969

Exp Physiol

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“…One of these is the use of an intravascular tracer together with albumin (Pinter, 1967;Rasmussen, 1975). The other is allowing only a brief mixing time (about 1 min) for the tracer albumin, in order to confine the distribution volume to intravascular plasma (Gairtner, Vogel & Ulbrich, 1968;Rasmussen, 1974Rasmussen, , 1975.…”

Section: R Bell and Othersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Albumin permeability of the peritubular capillaries in rat renal cortex.

Bell¹,

Pinter²,

Wilson³

1978

The Journal of Physiology

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SUMMARY1. Two series of experiments were carried out to determine the permeability of the renal cortical peritubular capillaries to albumin under control conditions in the concentrating kidney and after an infusion of hypo-osmotic fluid amounting to 6% body weight.2. In the first series of these experiments the turnover of the interstitial albumin pool of the renal cortex was studied. Specifically, the mean transit time of albumin molecules from arterial plasma to renal lymph was measured in nine rats of each group. Mean values of 39-0 + 2-8 and 30-6 + 2-2 (s.E. of mean) min were found for the control and infused groups, respectively.3. In the second series of experiments the interstitial distribution volume of plasma albumin in renal cortex was determined in twenty-three control and twenty-two infused rats. Mean values of the extravascular distribution volumes were 1-66 + 0-21 and 1-37 + 0-18 (s.E. of mean) /d./100 mg tissue, respectively.4. The unidirectional clearance of albumin from the capillary to the interstitium in the control and infused groups, respectively, was calculated to be 7-1 + 1-0 and 7-5 + 0-9 (s.E. of mean) ml. sec-1 10-4 in 100 g cortical tissue.5. For the reabsorbing surface of the peritubular capillaries in the renal cortex, a lower bound was calculated for A-, the reflexion coefficient of albumin. The reflexion coefficient was found to be higher than 0-998 under both experimental conditions.

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“…In spite of these concentration differences, an increased flow of protein from the kidney does occur during mannitol diuresis, since the increase in lymph flow is proportionately greater than the decrease in protein concentration. This increased flow of protein could result either from a faster washout of the interstitial protein pool (14,15) or from an increased rate of protein extravasation; either might result from a change in renal hemodynamics.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Normal lymph-plasma ratios, on the other hand, raise the possibility that the medulla is not a significant source of renal lymph. From the functional standpoint, lack of a medullary lymphatic system would be surprising in view of the quantity of plasma proteins which leave the blood capillaries to enter the medullary interstitium (14)(15)(16). Although some studies show the failure of certain injection techniques to prove such a system (17,18), others have shown lymphatic vessels ascending from the papilla through inner and outer medulla to the arcuate collecting vessels (19).…”

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Renal Hilar Lymph

O’Morchoe

O'Morchoe

Heney

1970

Circulation Research

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Renal lymph was collected from single hilar lymphatics in 58 anesthetized dogs (1) to study the mechanism by which lymph production is affected during diuresis and (2) to determine whether a medullary contribution to renal lymph could be defined by changes in the electrolyte concentration of hilar lymph with concomitant alterations in the concentration gradient of the renal medulla. When diuresis was induced by a solute load (mannitol), lymph flow increased by 25 to 300%. On the other hand, when diuresis was induced without such a solute load, lymph flow was either unaffected (mersalyl) or slightly reduced (furosemide). It was concluded that the effect of mannitol on renal lymph flow was mediated primarily through its general eSect on extracellular fluid rather than through any specific intrarenal consequence of the diuresis itself.Control hilar lymph-to-plasma concentration ratios for Na + (1.057 ± 0.040), Ch (1.129 ± 0.040) and Ca 2+ (0.770 ± 0.046) but not K+ (0.986 ± 0.086) were found to be significantly different from 1.0. Failure of mannitol diuresis to alter significantly the lymph-plasma ratios of Na + and Ch~ provided evidence that the high electrolyte concentrations of the inner medulla were not reflected in hilar lymph. The finding that furosemide abolished the lymph-plasma concentration difference for Na + and significantly reduced that for Ch was taken as evidence that the outer medulla was a significant source of renal hilar lymph. Received October 9, 1969. Accepted for publication February 3, 1970. from the decrease in thoracic duct lymph which followed cessation of renal lymph production (1, 2). This method is not, however, suitable for comparison of flow under differing conditions in the same animal, nor does it provide information on changes in the composition of renal lymph. To obtain such information in the present study, renal lymph was collected by cannulating single hilar lymphatics in dogs. ADDITIONALWhile there is evidence that the flow of renal lymph is augmented during the administration of certain diuretics (2-5), the mechanism by which this is brought about has not been studied. Since the infusion of a solute load itself can alter the general level of lymph formation throughout the body, it is apparent that the effect on lymph production by the kidney might not be a specific" consequence of

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Distribution of chylomicrons and albumin in dog kidney

Cited by 26 publications

References 24 publications

Extravascular Protein in the Renal Medulla

Extravascular Protein in the Renal Medulla

Albumin permeability of the peritubular capillaries in rat renal cortex.

Renal Hilar Lymph

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