Distribution of an 125I-labelled chloroquine analogue in a pregnant macaca monkey

The first review on prenatal drug exposure and ocular malformation occurrence

“…In animal models, Chloroquine administration to pregnant mice and monkeys results in transplacental transfer as well as accumulation in the fetal adrenal cortex and retina ( 115 , 116 ). Chloroquine produced anophthalmia and microphthalmia in rat fetuses after treatment of the dams at very high doses (>250 mg/kg) ( 117 ).…”

The first review on prenatal drug exposure and ocular malformation occurrence

“…In animal models, Chloroquine administration to pregnant mice and monkeys results in transplacental transfer as well as accumulation in the fetal adrenal cortex and retina ( 115 , 116 ). Chloroquine produced anophthalmia and microphthalmia in rat fetuses after treatment of the dams at very high doses (>250 mg/kg) ( 117 ).…”

Sensory Neuron-Specific GPCR Mrgprs Are Itch Receptors Mediating Chloroquine-Induced Pruritus

“…Although the concentration of CQ in patient plasma is in the micromolar range, excretion of the drug is quite slow and it is deposited in tissues in considerable amounts (Adam, 2004; Evans et al, 2005; Onyeji and Ogunbona, 2001). Since CQ binds strongly to melanin that is synthesized by melanocytes, it accumulates at very high levels in the skin and other pigmented tissues to reach high micromolar to millimolar concentrations (Dencker et al, 1975; Olatunde, 1971; Sams and Epstein, 1965; Tanaka et al, 2004). The high level of CQ (i.e.…”

Early detection of ototoxicity by high-frequency audiometry: A case study

“…On the other hand, if the drug really accumulates in |the inner ear, the monitoring of drug/serum levels would be of no use, since it would not represent the actual level of tobramycin in the inner ears. It may also be possible that Blacks have more melanin in the inner ear than Whites (Dencker and Lindquist, 1975;Dencker et al 1975) and are thus more susceptible to ototoxic damage, but this is only speculative as no human experimental data on this aspect could be found in the literature. This possibility has, however, been proven in a study done on albino and pigmented guinea pigs (Wasterstrom, 1984;Wasterstrom et al 1986).…”

The first review on prenatal drug exposure and ocular malformation occurrence

“…In animal models, Chloroquine administration to pregnant mice and monkeys results in transplacental transfer as well as accumulation in the fetal adrenal cortex and retina ( 115 , 116 ). Chloroquine produced anophthalmia and microphthalmia in rat fetuses after treatment of the dams at very high doses (>250 mg/kg) ( 117 ).…”

Sensory Neuron-Specific GPCR Mrgprs Are Itch Receptors Mediating Chloroquine-Induced Pruritus

“…Although the concentration of CQ in patient plasma is in the micromolar range, excretion of the drug is quite slow and it is deposited in tissues in considerable amounts (Adam, 2004; Evans et al, 2005; Onyeji and Ogunbona, 2001). Since CQ binds strongly to melanin that is synthesized by melanocytes, it accumulates at very high levels in the skin and other pigmented tissues to reach high micromolar to millimolar concentrations (Dencker et al, 1975; Olatunde, 1971; Sams and Epstein, 1965; Tanaka et al, 2004). The high level of CQ (i.e.…”

Early detection of ototoxicity by high-frequency audiometry: A case study

“…On the other hand, if the drug really accumulates in |the inner ear, the monitoring of drug/serum levels would be of no use, since it would not represent the actual level of tobramycin in the inner ears. It may also be possible that Blacks have more melanin in the inner ear than Whites (Dencker and Lindquist, 1975;Dencker et al 1975) and are thus more susceptible to ototoxic damage, but this is only speculative as no human experimental data on this aspect could be found in the literature. This possibility has, however, been proven in a study done on albino and pigmented guinea pigs (Wasterstrom, 1984;Wasterstrom et al 1986).…”

The first review on prenatal drug exposure and ocular malformation occurrence

“…In animal models, Chloroquine administration to pregnant mice and monkeys results in transplacental transfer as well as accumulation in the fetal adrenal cortex and retina ( 115 , 116 ). Chloroquine produced anophthalmia and microphthalmia in rat fetuses after treatment of the dams at very high doses (>250 mg/kg) ( 117 ).…”

Sensory Neuron-Specific GPCR Mrgprs Are Itch Receptors Mediating Chloroquine-Induced Pruritus

“…Although the concentration of CQ in patient plasma is in the micromolar range, excretion of the drug is quite slow and it is deposited in tissues in considerable amounts (Adam, 2004; Evans et al, 2005; Onyeji and Ogunbona, 2001). Since CQ binds strongly to melanin that is synthesized by melanocytes, it accumulates at very high levels in the skin and other pigmented tissues to reach high micromolar to millimolar concentrations (Dencker et al, 1975; Olatunde, 1971; Sams and Epstein, 1965; Tanaka et al, 2004). The high level of CQ (i.e.…”

Early detection of ototoxicity by high-frequency audiometry: A case study

“…On the other hand, if the drug really accumulates in |the inner ear, the monitoring of drug/serum levels would be of no use, since it would not represent the actual level of tobramycin in the inner ears. It may also be possible that Blacks have more melanin in the inner ear than Whites (Dencker and Lindquist, 1975;Dencker et al 1975) and are thus more susceptible to ototoxic damage, but this is only speculative as no human experimental data on this aspect could be found in the literature. This possibility has, however, been proven in a study done on albino and pigmented guinea pigs (Wasterstrom, 1984;Wasterstrom et al 1986).…”