Distribution and Cytogenetic Features of Triploid Males of Crucian Carp in Azov Basin

Evolutionary history of two divergent Dmrt1 genes reveals two rounds of polyploidy origins in gibel carp

“…It has been observed widely in many countries of the Eurasian continent (Gui and Zhou, 2010), such as in Britain (Hanfling et al, 2005), Italy (Hanfling et al, 2005), Hungary (Toth et al, 2005), Germany (Hanfling et al, 2005), Croatia (Jakovlic and Gui, 2011), Greece (Liasko et al, 2010), Kazakhstan (Sakai et al, 2009), Russia (Abramenko et al, 2004;Jiang et al, 2013), China (Gao et al, 2012;Jiang et al, 2013;Li and Gui, 2008), and Japan (Takada et al, 2010). Similar to other unisexual polyploid vertebrates, the polyploid gibel carp can reproduce by spermdependent gynogenesis, and many diverse gynogenetic clones have been discriminated by biological traits and molecular markers (Bai et al, 2011;Gui and Zhou, 2010;Guo and Gui, 2008;Yang and Gui, 2004;Zhou et al, 2000a).…”

“…Similar to other unisexual polyploid vertebrates, the polyploid gibel carp can reproduce by spermdependent gynogenesis, and many diverse gynogenetic clones have been discriminated by biological traits and molecular markers (Bai et al, 2011;Gui and Zhou, 2010;Guo and Gui, 2008;Yang and Gui, 2004;Zhou et al, 2000a). In contrast to other unisexual all-female vertebrate animals, males have been discovered from the natural triploid populations in northeast Asia (Jiang et al, 2013), Russia (Abramenko et al, 2004), Greece (Liasko et al, 2010) and Croatia (Jakovlic and Gui, 2011), and multiple reproduction modes, including sexual reproduction, gynogenesis, or even androgenesis, have been demonstrated by experimental propagation and molecular marker analysis to coexist in the polyploid gibel carp (Gui and Zhou, 2010;Wang et al, 2011;Zhou et al, 2000b). Even though significant advances have been obtained in genetic basis and breeding application (Gui and Zhou, 2010;Gui and Zhu, 2012), some key evolutionary enigmas, such as the occurrence time and historical process of polyploidy, remain unknown in the polyploid gibel carp.…”

Recent invasion and low level of divergence between diploid and triploid forms of Carassius auratus complex in Croatia

“…It is thought that Carassius auratus complex (CAC), including the diploid (Carassius auratus) and the polyploid form (gibel carp, Carassius auratus gibelio), originates from East Asia. Significantly, the polyploid form has several interesting characteristics: the existence of polyploid males in natural habitats (Abramenko et al 2004;Gui and Zhou 2010), the reproduction ability of gynogenesis induced by heterologous sperm (Yi et al 2003) and the coexisting dual modes of gynogenesis and sexual reproduction (Zhou et al 2000;Wang et al 2011). These characteristics make it a promising study model for evolutionary genetics (Gui and Zhou 2010).…”

Karyotype, morphology, and reproduction ability of the Prussian carp, <I>Carassius gibelio</I> (Actinopterygii: Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae), from unisexual and bisexual populations in Poland

“…However, fertile triploid males (3n = 156) of this species with normal morphology of germ cells at all stages of gametogenesis were found in natural triploid gynogenetic populations in northeast China (Shen et al 1983, Fan and Shen 1990, Zhou et al 2000, Yang et al 2008. Later triploid C. gibelio males (3n = 130-150) were found in the Lower Don drainage (Abramenko et al 1997), Sea of Azov basin (Abramenko et al 2004) and in the Dyje River, Czech Republic (Flajšhans et al 2008).…”