Distributed Energy Storage Control for Dynamic Load Impact Mitigation

Abstract

Abstract:The future uptake of electric vehicles (EV) in low-voltage distribution networks can cause increased voltage violations and thermal overloading of network assets, especially in networks with limited headroom at times of high or peak demand. To address this problem, this paper proposes a distributed battery energy storage solution, controlled using an additive increase multiplicative decrease (AIMD) algorithm. The improved algorithm (AIMD+) uses local bus voltage measurements and a reference voltage threshold to determine the additive increase parameter and to control the charging, as well as discharging rate of the battery. The used voltage threshold is dependent on the network topology and is calculated using power flow analysis tools, with peak demand equally allocated amongst all loads. Simulations were performed on the IEEE LV European Test feeder and a number of real U.K. suburban power distribution network models, together with European demand data and a realistic electric vehicle charging model. The performance of the standard AIMD algorithm with a fixed voltage threshold and the proposed AIMD+ algorithm with the reference voltage profile are compared. Results show that, compared to the standard AIMD case, the proposed AIMD+ algorithm further improves the network's voltage profiles, reduces thermal overload occurrences and ensures a more equal battery utilisation.

DSO Strategies Proposal for the LV Grid of the Future

“…where: P k -active power at bus k; Q k -reactive power at bus k; V k -Voltage magnitude at bus k; V j -Voltage magnitude at bus j; G kj -Mutual conductance between buses k and j; B kj -Mutual susceptance between buses k and j; θ kj -Voltage angle difference between buses k and j; One of the most important components for the development of proper evaluation of LV grid operation with a large number of PV generators is proper selection of the P l load model by the consumer/prosumers. The consumer profiles used in simulation are selected to include the broadest possible range of cases possible under the given conditions, the most extreme for the LV grid operation [38]. In addition, P l has a direct impact on the LV grid operation, balancing or not the current/present generation profile-P gc .…”

Optimal Power Dispatch of Small-Scale Standalone Microgrid Located in Colombian Territory

“…The set of a battery bank and its power interface can be represented considering three different states of the set: charging, discharging, and stand-by [17,22,30,31]. The output power of the set P In used with the battery bank is represented as the summation of charging P Bc and discharging P Bd power and an internal power consumed P Io .…”

Online control algorithm for sub-half-hourly operation of LV connected energy storage device owned by DNO

“…The voltage support algorithm is based on the Additive Increase Multiplicative Decrease (AIMD) algorithm presented in [4] with addition of reactive power control. The algorithm compares the projected phase-to-neutral voltage measurement with a target voltage, V t , with hysteresis value, h, giving upper voltage target, V uh , and lover voltage target, V lh :…”