Distinct Eligibility Traces for LTP and LTD in Cortical Synapses

He, Kaiwen; Huertas, Marco A.; Hong, Su Z.; Tie, Xiao Xiu; Hell, Johannes; Shouval, Harel Z.; Kirkwood, Alfredo

doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2015.09.037

Cited by 177 publications

(280 citation statements)

References 45 publications

(88 reference statements)

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“…This disparity probably reflects the cognitive demand-dependent distinct eligibility traces53 for LTD or LTP in different synapses. It could also result from differential distribution and function of ASIC1a in excitatory and inhibitory neurons, as well as variations in ASIC subunit compositions and/or even binding partners in different brain regions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ASIC1a regulates insular long-term depression and is required for the extinction of conditioned taste aversion

Liu

Deng³

et al. 2016

Nat Commun

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Acid-sensing ion channel 1a (ASIC1a) has been shown to play important roles in synaptic plasticity, learning and memory. Here we identify a crucial role for ASIC1a in long-term depression (LTD) at mouse insular synapses. Genetic ablation and pharmacological inhibition of ASIC1a reduced the induction probability of LTD without affecting that of long-term potentiation in the insular cortex. The disruption of ASIC1a also attenuated the extinction of established taste aversion memory without altering the initial associative taste learning or its long-term retention. Extinction of taste aversive memory led to the reduced insular synaptic efficacy, which precluded further LTD induction. The impaired LTD and extinction learning in ASIC1a null mice were restored by virus-mediated expression of wild-type ASIC1a, but not its ion-impermeable mutant, in the insular cortices. Our data demonstrate the involvement of an ASIC1a-mediated insular synaptic depression mechanism in extinction learning, which raises the possibility of targeting ASIC1a to manage adaptive behaviours.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ASIC1a regulates insular long-term depression and is required for the extinction of conditioned taste aversion

Liu

Deng³

et al. 2016

Nat Commun

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“…Even so, some recent evidence suggests a possible prefrontal-based explicit mechanism. In particular, recurrent neural networks in visual and prefrontal cortices have been discovered that support synaptic eligibility traces that persist between 5–10 seconds (He et al 2015). These cortical transient traces are thought to develop via Hebbian learning and can remain active until feedback arrives.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dopamine dependence in aggregate feedback learning: A computational cognitive neuroscience approach

Valentin

Maddox

Ashby

2016

Brain and Cognition

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Procedural learning of skills depends on dopamine-mediated striatal plasticity. Most prior work investigated single stimulus-response procedural learning followed by feedback. However, many skills include several actions that must be performed before feedback is available. A new procedural-learning task is developed in which three independent and successive unsupervised categorization responses receive aggregate feedback indicating either that all three responses were correct, or at least one response was incorrect. Experiment 1 showed superior learning of stimuli in position 3, and that learning in the first two positions was initially compromised, and then recovered. An extensive theoretical analysis that used parameter space partitioning found that a large class of procedural-learning models, which predict propagation of dopamine release from feedback to stimuli, and/or an eligibility trace, fail to fully account for these data. The analysis also suggested that any dopamine released to the second or third stimulus impaired categorization learning in the first and second positions. A second experiment tested and confirmed a novel prediction of this large class of procedural-learning models that if the to-be-learned actions are introduced one-by-one in succession then learning is much better if training begins with the first action (and works forwards) than if it begins with the last action (and works backwards).

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“…Alternatively, more indirect pathways might be involved, as would be the case if spontaneous muscle contractions themselves caused systemic neurochemical changes, perhaps via ascending inputs from stretch-receptor stimulation (Ferguson, 1941; Odent, 1987). Regardless of the specific causes of release of these neuromodulatory substances, the likely neural consequences are increased excitation and disinhibition of multiple neural systems, as well as enhanced plasticity in the most active neuronal networks (Camacho, Portillo, Quintero-Enríquez, & Paredes, 2009; He et al, 2015; Pan, Schmidt, Wickens, & Hyland, 2005). Moreover, to the extent that trance is associated with strongly synchronous neural activity, this may allow for the greatest degree of convergent inputs to hypothalamic and brainstem structures, thus causing the release of these hormones and neurochemicals to coincide with peak trance.…”

Section: The Neurophenomenology Of Orgasmmentioning

confidence: 99%

What is orgasm? A model of sexual trance and climax via rhythmic entrainment

Safron

2016

Socioaffective Neuroscience & Psychology

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Orgasm is one of the most intense pleasures attainable to an organism, yet its underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. On the basis of existing literatures, this article introduces a novel mechanistic model of sexual stimulation and orgasm. In doing so, it characterizes the neurophenomenology of sexual trance and climax, describes parallels in dynamics between orgasms and seizures, speculates on possible evolutionary origins of sex differences in orgasmic responding, and proposes avenues for future experimentation. Here, a model is introduced wherein sexual stimulation induces entrainment of coupling mechanical and neuronal oscillatory systems, thus creating synchronized functional networks within which multiple positive feedback processes intersect synergistically to contribute to sexual experience. These processes generate states of deepening sensory absorption and trance, potentially culminating in climax if critical thresholds are surpassed. The centrality of rhythmic stimulation (and its modulation by salience) for surpassing these thresholds suggests ways in which differential orgasmic responding between individuals—or with different partners—may serve as a mechanism for ensuring adaptive mate choice. Because the production of rhythmic stimulation combines honest indicators of fitness with cues relating to potential for investment, differential orgasmic response may serve to influence the probability of continued sexual encounters with specific mates.

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Distinct Eligibility Traces for LTP and LTD in Cortical Synapses

Cited by 177 publications

References 45 publications

ASIC1a regulates insular long-term depression and is required for the extinction of conditioned taste aversion

ASIC1a regulates insular long-term depression and is required for the extinction of conditioned taste aversion

Dopamine dependence in aggregate feedback learning: A computational cognitive neuroscience approach

What is orgasm? A model of sexual trance and climax via rhythmic entrainment

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