Dissolution kinetics of biogenic silica from the water column to the sediments

Rickert, Dirk; Schlüter, Michael; Wallmann, Klaus

doi:10.1016/s0016-7037(01)00757-8

Cited by 168 publications

(238 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…Furthermore the solubility of a solid phase and the reaction rate is affected by the temperature. A temperature drop from 15°C to 5°C would decrease the solubility of amorphous silica by about 20% and decrease the reaction rate by 3.5 (Wollast, 1974;Dixit et al, 2001;Rickert et al, 2002).…”

Section: Temporal Variability Of Benthic Fluxesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The reactivity of the fresh phytoplankton is several orders of magnitude higher compared to altered biogenic silica and can be further enhanced by the removal of organic or inorganic coatings (Rickert et al, 2002). High dissolution rates and a high faunal induced transport of silicic acid might cause a net reflux of silicic acid at the sediment water boundary and a comparatively low accumulation of bSi in the sediment.…”

Section: Recycling Efficiency Of Silicic Acid Into the Bottom Watermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Consequently, a significant part of bSi is dissolved during the transfer through the water column to the seafloor and in surface sediments. This causes rather low preservation and burial rates in sediments, compared to the rain rate of bSi reaching the seafloor (Dixit et al, 2001;Rickert et al, 2002;Tréguer and De La Rocha, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seasonal dynamics of the biogenic silica cycle in surface sediments of the Helgoland Mud Area (southern North Sea)

Oehler

Schlüter

Schückel

2015

Continental Shelf Research

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a b s t r a c tIn coastal waters and the ocean silicic acid (Si(OH) 4 ) is a key nutrient for primary producers (e.g. diatoms) and other siliceous organisms, because it is required for the formation of frustules and other hard parts made of biogenic silica (bSi). Especially in shallow waters like the southern North Sea, dissolution of bSi in surface sediments and the reflux of silicic acid from sediments into the water column is an important feedback mechanism for sustaining primary production. We investigated the temporal variability of benthic silicic acid fluxes and the recycling efficiency of bSi in surface sediments of the Helgoland Mud Area (southern North Sea). For this purpose we used different methods including a benthic chamber lander system for in situ flux studies of Si(OH) 4 , ex situ sediment incubations, pore water studies and sediment analysis. . The relevance of biological mediated transport for the recycling of Si(OH) 4 was underlined by comparing in situ and ex situ sediment incubations, pore water studies, as well as depth profiles of benthic macrofauna. Mass budget calculations indicate that about 1.7-2.2 mol bSi m À 2 settle annually at the seafloor, off which about 60-81% are recycled within surface sediments and transported back into the water column.

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Section: Temporal Variability Of Benthic Fluxesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Recycling Efficiency Of Silicic Acid Into the Bottom Watermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seasonal dynamics of the biogenic silica cycle in surface sediments of the Helgoland Mud Area (southern North Sea)

Oehler

Schlüter

Schückel

2015

Continental Shelf Research

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“…Constructed to reproduce decreasing reaction kinetics with sediment depth, these models are usually based on a first-order kinetic expressing the direct proportionality of the dissolution rate to the saturation deficit, a function of the saturation concentration and the ambient pore water Si concentration. Going further, Rickert et al (2002) proposed a kinetics of higher order to account for nonlinear aspects of BSi dissolution kinetics. Asymptotic Si concentrations are commonly assumed to represent the equilibrium solubility or saturation concentration, but they rarely if ever reach the solubility of acid-cleaned BSi (e.g., Berelson et al, 1987;Van Cappellen and Qiu, 1997a;Rabouille et al, 1997) which needs to be considered when interpreting the results of in vitro studies where acid cleaning often is the standard procedure (Barker et al, 1994;Van Cappellen and Qiu, 1997b;Greenwood et al, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Consequently, the predictive power of diagnostic silica dissolution models is limited, and models validated for a specific problem tend to fail when applied to different sites (McManus et al, 1995;Greenwood et al, 2001). From laboratory studies, the temperature, pH, undersaturation, and electrolyte composition of the aqueous medium, as well as the specific surface area, impurity content, and aging of BSi have already been identi-fied as system variables of BSi solubility and dissolution kinetics (Lewin, 1961;Van Cappellen and Qiu, 1997a,b;Dixit et al, 2001;Van Cappellen, 2002, 2003;Rickert et al, 2002). Consequently, the array of proposed mechanisms extends from diffusive transport through a boundary layer, or a solid layer leached by preferential dissolution (transport limitation), to decreasing surface area due to dissolution, formation of coatings, adsorbtion of inhibitors, or precipitation of authigenic silicates (surface chemistry limitation) (Ragueneau et al, 2000;Greenwood et al, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial mediation of benthic biogenic silica dissolution

Holstein

Hensen

2009

Geo-Mar Lett

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Pore water profiles from 24 stations in the South Atlantic (located in the Guinea, Angola, Cape, Guyana, and Argentine basins) show good correlations of oxygen and silicon, suggesting microbially mediated dissolution of biogenic silica. We used simple analytical transport and reaction models to show the tight coupling of the reconstructed process kinetics of aerobic respiration and silicon regeneration. A generic transport and reaction model successfully reproduced the majority of Si pore water profiles from aerobic respiration rates, confirming that the dissolution of biogenic silica (BSi) occurs proportionally to O 2 consumption. Possibly limited to well-oxygenated sediments poor in BSi, benthic Si fluxes can be inferred from O 2 uptake with satisfactory accuracy. Compared to aerobic respiration kinetics, the solubility of BSi emerged as a less influential parameter for silicon regeneration. Understanding the role of bacteria for silicon regeneration requires further investigations, some of which are outlined. The proposed aerobic respiration control of benthic silicon cycling is suitable for benthic-pelagic models. The empirical relation of BSi dissolution to aerobic respiration can be used for regionalization assessments and estimates of the silicon budget to increase the understanding of global primary and export production patterns.

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Effect of trace metal‐limited growth on the postmortem dissolution of the marine diatom Pseudo‐nitzschia delicatissima

Boutorh

Moriceau

Gallinari

et al. 2016

Global Biogeochemical Cycles

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We investigated the effects of iron (Fe) and copper (Cu) limitations on biogenic silica (bSiO2) dissolution kinetics of the marine diatom Pseudo‐nitzschia delicatissima during a 3 week batch dissolution experiment. The dissolution of this species was faster during the first week than thereafter. Modeling results from four dissolution models and scanning electron microcopy images suggested the successive dissolution of two phases of bSiO2, with two different dissolution constants. Micronutrient limitation during growth affected the respective proportion of the two phases and their dissolution constants. After 3 weeks of dissolution, frustules from micronutrient‐limited diatoms were better preserved than those of replete cells. Our results also confirm that micronutrient‐limited cells may export more Si relative to N than replete cells and may increase the silicate pump: This may not only be due to a higher degree of silicification of the live cells but also to a decoupling between the recycling of Si and N during dissolution. We suggest that a mechanistic understanding of the evolution of the dissolution constant during dissolution is needed. This would improve the parameterization of dissolution in ecosystem models, and ultimately their predictions on the amount of bSiO2 that dissolves in the photic zone, and the amount of bSiO2 that is exported to the seafloor.

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Dissolution kinetics of biogenic silica from the water column to the sediments

Cited by 168 publications

References 77 publications

Seasonal dynamics of the biogenic silica cycle in surface sediments of the Helgoland Mud Area (southern North Sea)

Seasonal dynamics of the biogenic silica cycle in surface sediments of the Helgoland Mud Area (southern North Sea)

Microbial mediation of benthic biogenic silica dissolution

Effect of trace metal‐limited growth on the postmortem dissolution of the marine diatom Pseudo‐nitzschia delicatissima

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