Dissociable components of phonological and lexical–semantic short-term memory and their relation to impaired word production in aphasia

Verhaegen, Clémence; Piertot, Florence; Poncelet, Martin

doi:10.1080/02643294.2014.884058

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…In a related case study, Verhaegen and colleagues administered a phonological and a semantic verbal STM task to two individuals with aphasia, one who demonstrated mostly semantic naming errors and improved performance when phonemic cues were provided, and another who made mostly phonological naming errors and demonstrated no benefit with phonemic cueing. 31 The phonological STM task involved listening to a list of words and determining whether a probe word rhymed with any words on the list, whereas the semantic task involved listening to a list of words and determining whether a probe word was semantically related to any words on the list. The individual with a predominately phonological naming impairment demonstrated impaired performance on the phonological STM task and nonimpaired performance on the semantic STM task, whereas the individual with a predominately lexical-semantic naming impairment demonstrated the opposite profile.…”

Section: Expected Language Deficits Resulting From Verbal Short-term mentioning

confidence: 99%

Short-Term Memory and Aphasia: From Theory to Treatment

et al. 2017

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This article reviews existing research on the interactions between verbal short-term memory and language processing impairments in aphasia. Theoretical models of short-term memory are reviewed, starting with a model assuming a separation between short-term memory and language, and progressing to models that view verbal short-term memory as a cognitive requirement of language processing. The review highlights a verbal short-term memory model derived from an interactive activation model of word retrieval. This model holds that verbal short-term memory encompasses the temporary activation of linguistic knowledge (e.g., semantic, lexical, and phonological features) during language production and comprehension tasks. Empirical evidence supporting this model, which views short-term memory in the context of the processes it subserves, is outlined. Studies that use a classic measure of verbal short-term memory (i.e., number of words/digits correctly recalled in immediate serial recall) as well as those that use more intricate measures (e.g., serial position effects in immediate serial recall) are discussed. Treatment research that uses verbal short-term memory tasks in an attempt to improve language processing is then summarized, with a particular focus on word retrieval. A discussion of the limitations of current research and possible future directions concludes the review.

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Section: Expected Language Deficits Resulting From Verbal Short-term mentioning

confidence: 99%

Short-Term Memory and Aphasia: From Theory to Treatment

et al. 2017

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“…These findings add to a growing body of literature highlighting the impact of hearing loss on auditory-verbal STM capacities in older adults (e.g., Baldwin & Ash, 2011 ; Cervera al., 2009 ; McCoy et al, 2005 ; Murphy et al, 2000 ; Pichora-Fuller et al, 1995 ; Piquado et al, 2010 ; Rabbit, 1968 ; Rabbit, 1991 ; Schneider & Pichora-Fuller, 2000 ; van Boxtel et al, 2000 ; Verhaegen et al, 2013 ; Wingfield et al, 2005 ; Wingfield et al, 2006 ). Moreover, with exception of the nonword delayed repetition task, these results seem to be consistent with the results of Cervera et al ( 2009 ), Pichora-Fuller et al ( 1995 ), van Boxtel et al ( 2000 ) and Verhaegen et al ( 2013 ), which suggest that the decline in auditory-verbal STM is explained in most part by the participants’ hearing status degradation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, some other studies suggest that auditory impairment may explain age-effects in STM performance more than does aging ( Cervera et al, 2009 ; Pichora-Fuller et al, 1995 ; van Boxtel et al, 2000 ; Verhaegen et al, 2013 ; Wingfield et al, 2006 ). Indeed, Verhaegen et al ( 2013 ) and Wingfield et al ( 2006 ) showed that when matched for hearing thresholds, young and older participants performed equally on auditory-verbal STM tasks ( Verhaegen et al, 2013 ) or on an auditory comprehension task with syntactically simple short sentences ( Wingfield et al, 2006 ), and that the overall performance of both auditory-reduced groups was worse than that of participants with good hearing. Moreover, Cervera et al ( 2009 ) and van Boxtel et al ( 2000 ) further found that after controlling for hearing thresholds with analyses of covariance or partial correlations, differences in STM performance between younger and older participants became non-significant.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Furthermore, within item STM, some authors draw another distinction, between temporary storage of phonological and of lexical-semantic information, which they attribute to two separate limited-capacity buffers ( Martin, Lesch, & Bartha, 1999 ; Martin, Shelton, & Yaffee, 1994 ). This distinction is based on neuropsychological case studies on brain-damaged patients with selective impairment of either phonological or lexical-semantic short-term storage (cases EA and AB from Martin et al, 1994 ; cases BN and TM from Verhaegen, Piertot, & Poncelet, 2013 ). The patients in these studies were either selectively impaired on phonological STM tasks (such as a rhyme probe task or a lexical decision task with phonologically related prime words), with preserved performance on lexical-semantic STM tasks (such as a category probe task or a lexical decision with semantically related primes), or vice versa.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effects of Aging on the Components of Auditory – Verbal Short-Term Memory

2015

Psychologica Belgica

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This study aimed at exploring the effects of aging on the multiple components of the auditory-verbal short-term memory (STM). Participants of 45–54, 55–64, 65–74 and 75–84 years of age were presented STM tasks assessing short-term retention of order and item information, and of phonological and lexical-semantic information separately. Because older participants often present reduced hearing levels, we sought to control for an effect of hearing status on performance on STM tasks. Participants’ hearing thresholds were measured with a pure-tone audiometer. The results showed age-related effects on all STM components. However, after hearing status was controlled for in analyses of covariance, the age-related differences became non-significant for all STM processes. The fact that age-related hearing loss may in large part explain decreases in performance on STM tasks with aging is discussed.

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“…STM and WM impairments co-occur with aphasia and interfere with core linguistic processing at multiple levels, from phonology and word to sentence and discourse (Martin, 2009; Sung, McNeil, Pratt, Dickey, Hula, Szuminsky & Doyle, 2009). Various theoretical positions about the precise nature of STM and WM impairments and their links to aphasia have been proposed to account for the diverse associative or dissociative patterns of STM and WM functioning (e.g., Majerus, Attout, Artielle, & van der Kaa, 2015; Martin & Allen, 2008; Verhaegen, Piertot, & Poncelet, 2013). For example, Majerus et al (2015) reported that people with aphasia may present with a range of deficits, affecting particular sub-processes of STM functioning: Selective item deficits, selective order deficits, generalized item deficits, and serial order deficits.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short-term memory span in aphasia: Insights from speech-timing measures

Salis

Martin

Meehan

et al. 2018

Journal of Neurolinguistics

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Auditory-verbal short-term memory impairments are part and parcel of aphasia and interfere with linguistic processing. To date, the science about short-term memory impairments in aphasia has been generated and dominated by studying measures of accuracy, that is, span length. Because accuracy is expressed through speech, examining the speech-timing characteristics of persons with aphasia as they engage in spoken recall could reveal insights about the manner in which accuracy is achieved. Six speech-timing measures (e.g., response durations, pause durations) were elicited from the speech waveform of word span tasks from twelve people with aphasia. Speech-timing measures were compared to neuro-typical control participants. Speech-timing performance between erroneous and correct responses in the aphasia group was also examined. Across all measures, people with aphasia produced considerably longer speech-timing patterns in comparison to control participants. Memory load affected some measures in people with aphasia and control participants. Speech-timing in correct response trials was shorter than responses in erroneous trials. Memory span correlated only with one measure, namely, speech time (defined as the sum of each individual word duration in a response). Speech time also correlated with the following measures: Aphasia severity (Aphasia Quotient of the Western Aphasia Battery), spontaneous speech, and language comprehension (also measured by the Western Aphasia Battery). Some protracted speech-timing patterns in the aphasia group may be explained by a deregulation of activation-decay patterns. However, in the absence of further evidence from people with aphasia, possible issues around the sensitivity of some speech-timing measures limit firmer conclusions. Speech-timing measures are response-time measures, which have not been systematically studied in studies of short-term or working memory in aphasia and as such, can push the current boundaries of knowledge of short-term and working memory impairments in aphasia, not only in stroke related aphasia but also other neurological conditions.

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Dissociable components of phonological and lexical–semantic short-term memory and their relation to impaired word production in aphasia

Cited by 5 publications

References 47 publications

Short-Term Memory and Aphasia: From Theory to Treatment

Short-Term Memory and Aphasia: From Theory to Treatment

The Effects of Aging on the Components of Auditory – Verbal Short-Term Memory

Short-term memory span in aphasia: Insights from speech-timing measures

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