Disseminated cutaneous Mycobacterium marinum infection

King, A. J.

doi:10.1001/archderm.119.3.268

Cited by 23 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…M. marinum causes infections in humans and in fish (7,31). Large outbreaks of infection due to M. marinum have been described in association with swimming pools (swimming pool granuloma) (42) and fish tanks (fish tank granuloma) (13,14,17,19). M. ulcerans and M. marinum, once cultured, are readily identified by conventional mycobacterial characterization methods (46).…”

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GenotypingMycobacterium ulceransandMycobacterium marinumby Using Mycobacterial Interspersed Repetitive Units

et al. 2005

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A novel category of variable tandem repeats (VNTR) called mycobacterial interspersed repetitive units (MIRUs) has been identified for Mycobacterium ulcerans (n ‫؍‬ 39), M. marinum (n ‫؍‬ 27), and one related organism. Fifteen MIRU loci were identified in the genome of M. marinum and were used to genotype M. ulcerans, M. marinum, and an M. marinum-like organism that is considered a possible missing link between M. marinum and M. ulcerans. Seven MIRU loci were polymorphic, and locus-specific PCRs for four of these loci differentiated seven M. ulcerans genotypes, four M. marinum genotypes, and a unique genotype for the missing link organism. The seven M. ulcerans genotypes were related to six different geographic origins of isolates. All isolates from West and Central Africa, including old and recent isolates, belonged to the same genotype, emphasizing the great spatiotemporal homogeneity among African isolates. Unlike the M. ulcerans genotypes, the four M. marinum genotypes could not be clearly related to the geographic origins of the isolates. According to MIRU-VNTR typing, all M. ulcerans and M. marinum isolates of American origin were closely related, suggesting a common American ancestor for these two pathogenic species on the American continents. MIRU typing has significant potential value for discriminating between reoccurrence and reinfection for M. ulcerans disease.Mycobacterium ulcerans causes Buruli ulcer (BU), a disease that represents, after tuberculosis and leprosy, the third most common mycobacterial disease in humans (23,27). BU has been observed in many tropical areas, but most patients have come from Central and West Africa and Australia (5,11,27). Epidemiologically, the disease is associated with riverine and swampy terrains (27). BU is a devastating disease characterized by necrotizing, ulcerative lesions of subcutaneous tissues and the overlying skin. The main specific genomic characteristics of M. ulcerans are the IS2404 element (34) and a 174-kb plasmid(s) that houses the genes for mycolactone, a polyketide toxin (39). M. marinum causes infections in humans and in fish (7,31). Large outbreaks of infection due to M. marinum have been described in association with swimming pools (swimming pool granuloma) (42) and fish tanks (fish tank granuloma) (13,14,17,19). M. ulcerans and M. marinum, once cultured, are readily identified by conventional mycobacterial characterization methods (46). Various DNA-based techniques have been used to type mycobacteria (6,33,35). Such studies have demonstrated a close taxonomic relationship between M. ulcerans and M. marinum, although M. ulcerans harbors IS2404 and M. marinum does not (34). Recently, however, IS2404 was found in an unusual mycobacterial isolate with phenotypic properties closely related to those of M. marinum (4).Previous studies showed limited genotypic diversity in M. ulcerans, especially among isolates from a given geographic region. PCR-restriction profile analyses of 16S rRNAs showed four different genotypic profiles of M. ulcerans, i.e., the ...

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GenotypingMycobacterium ulceransandMycobacterium marinumby Using Mycobacterial Interspersed Repetitive Units

et al. 2005

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“…6 Skin lesions are usually papules, pustules, or ulcerations that change to violaceous plaques over weeks to months. Due to the incubation period of 2 weeks to 4 months, diagnosis is typically delayed 3-4 months, which is reflected in this case series.…”

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Mycobacterium marinum infection in the setting of antitumor necrosis factor alpha therapy for Crohnʼs disease

Levesque

Sandborn

2011

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

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“…In immunocompetent individuals skin infections are mainly localized lesions, better known as fish tank or swimmer's granuloma, disseminated disease with local spread have occurred only in single cases. [6][7][8] However, the majority of disseminated and aggressive disease are presented in immunocompromised patients, resulting in tendosynovitis, septic arthritis or osteomyelitis. 9,10 We report the first case of a M. marinum infection developed during adalimumab therapy in a patient with CD.…”

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confidence: 99%

A case of opportunistic skin infection with Mycobacterium marinum during adalimumab treatment in a patient with Crohn's disease

Kump

Högenauer

Wenzl

et al. 2013

Journal of Crohn's and Colitis

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Opportunistic infections, especially reactivation with M. tuberculosis, are major complications during treatment with anti-TNF agents. Infections with atypical mycobacteria like Mycobacterium marinum are rare and tend to turn into a difficult and prolonged course due to delayed diagnosis. This is the first case of M. marinum infection during adalimumab therapy in a patient with Crohn's disease. The most important diagnostic step was a detailed medical history as PCR tested for M. tuberculosis and for atypical subspecies was false negative. Up to now a discontinuation of anti-TNF therapy has been recommended, however, there is no consensus about the reintroduction of biologicals after sufficient anti-infective therapy. In this patient anti-TNF therapy had to be reintroduced because of increasing activity with no relapse of M. marinum after a follow-up of 12 months.

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Disseminated cutaneous Mycobacterium marinum infection

Cited by 23 publications

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GenotypingMycobacterium ulceransandMycobacterium marinumby Using Mycobacterial Interspersed Repetitive Units

GenotypingMycobacterium ulceransandMycobacterium marinumby Using Mycobacterial Interspersed Repetitive Units

Mycobacterium marinum infection in the setting of antitumor necrosis factor alpha therapy for Crohnʼs disease

A case of opportunistic skin infection with Mycobacterium marinum during adalimumab treatment in a patient with Crohn's disease

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