Dispersion of TiO2 nanoparticles improves burn wound healing and tissue regeneration through specific interaction with blood serum proteins

Abstract

Burn wounds are one of the most important causes of mortality and especially morbidity around the world. Burn wound healing and skin tissue regeneration remain thus one of the most important challenges facing the mankind. In the present study we have addressed this challenge, applying a solution-stabilized dispersion TiO 2 nanoparticles, hypothesizing that their ability to adsorb proteins will render them a strong capacity in inducing body fluid coagulation and create a protective hybrid material coating. The in vitro study of interaction between human blood and titania resulted at enhanced TiO 2 concentrations in formation of rather dense gel composite materials and even at lower content revealed specific adsorption pattern initiating the cascade response, promising to facilitate the regrowth of the skin. The subsequent in vivo study of the healing of burn wounds in rats demonstrated formation of a strongly adherent crust of a nanocomposite, preventing infection and inflammation with quicker reduction of wound area compared to untreated control. The most important result in applying the TiO 2 dispersion was the apparently improved regeneration of damaged tissues with appreciable decrease in scar formation and skin color anomalies.Accelerated and less painful healing of wounds caused by burn or mechanical injuries and skin and muscle tissue engineering for decreased scar formation and minimization of permanent damage belong to most prominent challenges in modern surgery 1 . Application of nanostructured materials for improved tissue regeneration has become a well-developed and accepted practice in the application of metal bone implants, where a thin layer of nanostructured titanium dioxide is deposited on the top of the implant surface 2,3 . Nano titania is rapidly getting coated with proteins when immersed into the biological fluids due to its well-recognized ability to adsorb and coordinate proteins 4 and phospholipids 5 on its surface. Adsorption of phospholipids can be considered as one of the factors guiding the attachment of cells and grafting on the growing tissue on an implant 6 . In the domain of skin regeneration a strong effort so far has been set on application of stem cells. They have been applied in different approaches, in particular, including sprays 7 . Use of nanomaterials for wound treatment and skin repair has also been intensively investigated ranging from silicone based artificial skin layers 8 , to the development of new materials for wound dressing with delayed and prolonged release of medicines 9,10 and even to direct application of nanoparticle dispersions either possessing themselves antibacterial effects, such as silver and gold nanoparticles 11-13 , or loaded with painkillers and antibiotics. The latter have been realized with metal oxide nanoparticles

Electrospun Nanofibrous Poly (Lactic Acid)/Titanium Dioxide Nanocomposite Membranes for Cutaneous Scar Minimization

“…The ability of TiO 2 nanoparticles in prove reactive oxygen species (ROS) and increase membrane permeability maximize antibacterial activity and improve the wound healing as was observed previously (Sankar et al, 2014). Moreover, the TiO 2 nanoparticles could cause enhanced blood coagulation, which is an important first step in the wound healing process (Seisenbaeva et al, 2017). Our in vivo results were (Figures 4-6) similar to Seisenbaeva et al (2017) and in the study, it was observed that TiO 2 improved wound healing.…”

“…Moreover, the TiO 2 nanoparticles could cause enhanced blood coagulation, which is an important first step in the wound healing process (Seisenbaeva et al, 2017). Our in vivo results were (Figures 4-6) similar to Seisenbaeva et al (2017) and in the study, it was observed that TiO 2 improved wound healing. We confirmed that the electrospun membranes with TiO 2 can stimulate and modulate inflammation, which is very important for human health, since there is bigger formation of blood vessels (Babelova et al, 2009;Moreth et al, 2014).…”

Insights into Theranostic Properties of Titanium Dioxide for Nanomedicine

“…Adapted from Ref. [214] with permission from the Springer Nature 1 3 vascularization and increased fibrosis hypodermis) have been investigated for rats in the group 3 without the treatment. However, a daily base treatment using TiO 2 nanoparticles for rats in group 4 brought obvious wound-healing effects by thickening epithelium layer, reducing dermal thickness, as well as increasing the formation of new blood vessels and base materials [214].…”

Nanoparticle Synthesis, Applications, and Toxicity

“…TiO 2 NP wound treatment enhances body fluid coagulation by making interaction with blood proteins. The formation of adherent crust of a nanocomposite improved healing of wound and inhibited infection and inflammation [75].…”