Dispersal and species’ responses to climate change

Travis, Justin M. J.; Delgado, María del Mar; Bocedi, Greta; Baguette, Michel; Bartoń, Kamil A.; Bonte, Dries; Boulangeat, Isabelle; Hodgson, Jenny A.; Kubisch, Alexander; Penteriani, Vincenzo; Saastamoinen, Marjo; Stevens, Virginie M.; Bullock, James M.

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0706.2013.00399.x

Cited by 352 publications

(336 citation statements)

References 105 publications

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“…The empirically observed increased dispersal at the range front is in line with several studies on postglacial range expansion (Cwynar and Macdonald 1987), invasions (Travis and Dytham 2002;Phillips et al 2006;Huang et al 2015), and climate change (Thomas et al 2001;Travis et al 2013). Because this pattern matched best with our range expansion scenarios, this indicates that dispersal ability is positively selected at the expansion front through the process of spatial selection and most likely not by adaptation to local environmental conditions (i.e., local temperature and growing season length in our model).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Spatial Selection and Local Adaptation Jointly Shape Life-History Evolution during Range Expansion

Petegem

Boeye

Stoks

et al. 2016

The American Naturalist

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In the context of climate change and species invasions, range shifts increasingly gain attention because the rates at which they occur in the Anthropocene induce rapid changes in biological assemblages. During range shifts, species experience multiple selection pressures. For poleward expansions in particular, it is difficult to interpret observed evolutionary dynamics because of the joint action of evolutionary processes related to spatial selection and to adaptation toward local climatic conditions. To disentangle the effects of these two processes, we integrated stochastic modeling and data from a common garden experiment, using the spider mite Tetranychus urticae as a model species. By linking the empirical data with those derived form a highly parameterized individual-based model, we infer that both spatial selection and local adaptation contributed to the observed latitudinal lifehistory divergence. Spatial selection best described variation in dispersal behavior, while variation in development was best explained by adaptation to the local climate. Divergence in life-history traits in species shifting poleward could consequently be jointly determined by contemporary evolutionary dynamics resulting from adaptation to the environmental gradient and from spatial selection. The integration of modeling with common garden experiments provides a powerful tool to study the contribution of these evolutionary processes on life-history evolution during range expansion.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Spatial Selection and Local Adaptation Jointly Shape Life-History Evolution during Range Expansion

Petegem

Boeye

Stoks

et al. 2016

The American Naturalist

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“…Climate is indeed well known to affect animal movement, altering both its range and timing and this, under a wide variety of contexts, range from seasonal migration to natal and breeding dispersal [43,44]. By strongly increasing the energetic demand linked to locomotion [45,46], snow depth strongly limits animal mobility [47].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Faithful or not: direct and indirect effects of climate on extra-pair paternities in a population of Alpine marmots

et al. 2016

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Despite being identified an area that is poorly understood regarding the effects of climate change, behavioural responses to climatic variability are seldom explored. Climatic variability is likely to cause large inter-annual variation in the frequency of extra-pair litters produced, a widespread alternative mating tactic to help prevent, correct or minimize the negative consequences of sub-optimal mate choice. In this study, we investigated how climatic variability affects the inter-annual variation in the proportion of extra-pair litters in a wild population of Alpine marmots. During 22 years of monitoring, the annual proportion of extra-pair litters directly increased with the onset of earlier springs and indirectly with increased snow in winters. Snowier winters resulted in a higher proportion of families with sexually mature male subordinates and thus, created a social context within which extra-pair paternity was favoured. Earlier spring snowmelt could create this pattern by relaxing energetic, movement and time constraints. Further, deeper snow in winter could also contribute by increasing litter size and juvenile survival. Optimal mate choice is particularly relevant to generate adaptive genetic diversity. Understanding the influence of environmental conditions and the capacity of the individuals to cope with them is crucial within the context of rapid climate change.

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“…Developing the understanding of spatial spread through mathematical modelling should enhance our ability to manage invasive species and the ecological effects of climate change (e.g. [9]). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spreading speeds for plant populations in landscapes with low environmental variation

Gilbert¹,

Gaffney²,

Bullock

et al. 2014

Journal of Theoretical Biology

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Article (refereed) -postprintGilbert, Mark A.; Gaffney, Eamonn A.; Bullock, James M.; White, Steven M. 2014. Spreading speeds for plant populations in landscapes with low environmental variation.Contact CEH NORA team at noraceh@ceh.ac.ukThe NERC and CEH trademarks and logos ('the Trademarks') are registered trademarks of NERC in the UK and other countries, and may not be used without the prior written consent of the Trademark owner. AbstractCharacterising the spread of biological populations is crucial in responding to both biological invasions and the shifting of habitat under climate change. Spreading speeds can be studied through mathematical models such as the discrete-time integro-difference equation (IDE) framework. The usual approach in implementing IDE models has been to ignore spatial variation in the demographic and dispersal parameters and to assume that these are spatially homogeneous. On the other hand, real landscapes are rarely spatially uniform with environmental variation being very important in determining biological spread. This raises the question of under what circumstances spatial structure need not be modelled explicitly. Recent work has shown that spatial variation can be ignored in models in the specific case where the scale of landscape variation is much smaller than the spreading population's dispersal scale. We consider more general types of landscape, where the spatial scales of environmental variation are arbitrarily large, but the maximum change in environmental parameters is relatively small. We find that the difference between the wave-speeds of populations spreading in a spatially structured periodic landscape and its homogenisation is, in general, proportional to 2 , where governs the degree of environmental variation. For stochastically generated landscapes we numerically demonstrate that the error decays faster than . In both cases, this means that for sufficiently small , the homogeneous approximation is better than might be expected. Hence, in many situations, the precise details of the landscape can be ignored in favour of spatially homogeneous parameters. This means that field ecologists can use the homogeneous IDE as a relatively simple modelling tool -in terms of both measuring parameter values and doing the modelling itself. However, as increases, this homogeneous approximation loses its accuracy. The change in wave-speed due to the extrinisic (landscape) variation can be positive or negative, which is in contrast to the reduction in wave-speed caused by intrinsic stochasticity. To deal with the loss of accuracy as increases, we formulate a second order approximation to the wave-speed for periodic landscapes and compare both approximations against the results of numerical simulation and show that they are both accurate for the range of landscapes considered.

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Dispersal and species’ responses to climate change

Cited by 352 publications

References 105 publications

Spatial Selection and Local Adaptation Jointly Shape Life-History Evolution during Range Expansion

Spatial Selection and Local Adaptation Jointly Shape Life-History Evolution during Range Expansion

Faithful or not: direct and indirect effects of climate on extra-pair paternities in a population of Alpine marmots

Spreading speeds for plant populations in landscapes with low environmental variation

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