Disease-association of different killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR) and HLA-C gene combinations in reactive arthritis

Sun, Hong; Liu, Dong Xia; Bai, Yan Yan; Hu, Nai Wen

doi:10.1080/14397595.2018.1483292

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 51 publications

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“…Besides the non-classical HLA class Ib genes, HLA-C is the only classical HLA class Ia gene, which is also expressed in extravillous trophoblasts [93]. HLA-C also interacts, according to present knowledge, with different inhibitory receptors, such as KIR2DL1, KIR2DL2, and KIR2DL3, as well as activating receptors, such as KIR2DS2 and KIR2DS1 [69,94,95,96,97]. HLA-C is the only classical HLA class Ia gene, which binds toKIR2DL4, as the non-classical HLA gene HLA-G does.…”

Section: Interaction Of Hla-e To -G With Receptor Families Of Immumentioning

confidence: 99%

European Patent in Immunoncology: From Immunological Principles of Implantation to Cancer Treatment

Würfel¹,

Winterhalter²,

Trenkwalder³

et al. 2019

IJMS

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The granted European patent EP 2 561 890 describes a procedure for an immunological treatment of cancer. It is based on the principles of the HLA-supported communication of implantation and pregnancy. These principles ensure that the embryo is not rejected by the mother. In pregnancy, the placenta, more specifically the trophoblast, creates an “interface” between the embryo/fetus and the maternal immune system. Trophoblasts do not express the “original” HLA identification of the embryo/fetus (HLA-A to -DQ), but instead show the non-classical HLA groups E, F, and G. During interaction with specific receptors of NK cells (e.g., killer-immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR)) and lymphocytes (lymphocyte-immunoglobulin-like receptors (LIL-R)), the non-classical HLA groups inhibit these immunocompetent cells outside pregnancy. However, tumors are known to be able to express these non-classical HLA groups and thus make use of an immuno-communication as in pregnancies. If this occurs, the prognosis usually worsens. This patent describes, in a first step, the profiling of the non-classical HLA groups in primary tumor tissue as well as metastases and recurrent tumors. The second step comprises tailored antibody therapies, which is the subject of this patent. In this review, we analyze the underlying mechanisms and describe the currently known differences between HLA-supported communication of implantation and that of tumors.

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