Discovery of two new isoforms of the human DUT gene

Abstract

In human cells two dUTPase isoforms have been described: one nuclear (DUT-N) and one mitochondrial (DUT-M), with cognate localization signals. In contrast, here we identified two additional isoforms; DUT-3 without any localization signal and DUT-4 with the same nuclear localization signal as DUT-N. Based on an RT-qPCR method for simultaneous isoform-specific quantification we analysed the relative expression patterns in 20 human cell lines of highly different origins. We found that the DUT-N isoform is expressed by far at the highest level, followed by the DUT-M and the DUT-3 isoform. A strong correlation between expression levels of DUT-M and DUT-3 suggests that these two isoforms may share the same promoter. We analysed the effect of serum starvation on the expression of dUTPase isoforms compared to non-treated cells and found that the mRNA levels of DUT-N decreased in A-549 and MDA-MB-231 cells, but not in HeLa cells. Surprisingly, upon serum starvation DUT-M and DUT-3 showed a significant increase in the expression, while the expression level of the DUT-4 isoform did not show any changes. Taken together our results indicate that the cellular dUTPase supply may also be provided in the cytoplasm and starvation stress induced expression changes are cell line dependent.

Enzyme kinetics of deoxyuridine triphosphatase from western corn rootworm

“…Research on dUTPase in humans is ongoing, with the goal of developing new cancer chemotherapeutic agents and malaria treatments. Rácz et al [50] have identi ed two additional isoforms of dUTPase in humans, DUT-N and DUT-M, which are localized to the nucleus and mitochondria, respectively. Future studies are needed to investigate a molecular species that remains in the cytoplasm, which may represent a novel isoform of WCR dUTPase.…”