Direito à saúde de trabalhadores em serviços religiosos: casuística no movimento neopentecostal

Abstract

In the Brazilian legal system, the right to health, to the balanced environment are basic constitutional principles that compose the minimum civilizing level of human dignity. Nevertheless, many workers are stigmatized and marginalized, either because their category is not regulated or because their labor activity is marginalized by social stigmas that create epistemological obstacles of discussion and reflection. Historically, religious workers had specific characteristics, typical of a traditional religious environment, where "vows of poverty", the option of celibacy, spiritual retreat for spiritual preparation and empowerment, were made feasible and required of all who entered voluntarily in this activity. Nevertheless, various denominations have been secularized, structured according to market rules, competing for a market of believers, demanding from their religious ministers, goals, productivity and efficiency, without any qualification, training or even respect for the health of the religious worker, in this work denominated professional of the faith. Various studies in the areas of health, social psychology of work, history, theology and sociology of religion have concluded by the precariousness and marginalization of the professional of the faith, be it by the transformation of the churches with the nonconfessional and lay state, or by religious either because of the social stigma of a willing worker on sacrifices, in a conception of religious servitude that is exploited by the industry of faith. Faced with a majority doctrinal consensus, they refute any discussion that interferes with religious freedom, especially in legal and labor matters, so as not to exclude from the Democratic State of Right such workers, who live in serious and emerging vulnerabilities, become ill, unproductive and even commit suicide. Seeking a multidisciplinary perspective, attentive to the institutional and social metamorphoses of the Churches, ecclesiastic environment, it is proposed a strengthening of the principle of religious freedom, in a bias of harmonization to the other constitutional principles and of international scope, so that the legal or institutional structure of the religious environment does not disrespect the principal recipient of the principle of human dignity and corollary of the main commandment of divine love: the human being.