Direct synthesis of hydrogen peroxide solution with palladium-loaded sulfonic acid polystyrene resins

Blanco‐Brieva, Gema; Cano-Serrano, E.; Campos‐Martín, Jose M.; Fierro, J.L.G.

doi:10.1039/b402530j

Cited by 111 publications

(133 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…[38][39][40]47,48 SO 4 or NaOH to control pH. As expected, no peroxide formation was found under very basic conditions, and the optimum condition for peroxide synthesis over an Au/silica catalyst was found at around pH 7.…”

mentioning

confidence: 69%

“…As Centi et al emphasized, nowadays in reality, almost all the research groups have abandoned this idea and operate in the inherently safer gas concentration interval. 5 [45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54] Generally, the reactor volumes used have been varied from 50 to 600 mL. As a common safety measure in all the systems where the catalyst is a powder, a slurry with a solvent or deionised water has been prepared before feeding the gaseous reactants since upon contact a H 2 -O 2 mixture and a dry Pd-catalyst may result in an explosion.…”

Section: Tapio O Salmimentioning

confidence: 99%

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Engineering in direct synthesis of hydrogen peroxide: targets, reactors and guidelines for operational conditions

et al. 2014

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The demand for hydrogen peroxide is booming since it is considered as one of the most environmentally friendly and versatile chemical oxidants available and has a wide range of applications. The annual market, close to 3000 kt per year being produced via the auto-oxidation process (with 2-ethyl anthraquinone (traditional) or amyl anthraquinone for mega-plants), is mostly supplied by the company Solvay (30%), followed by Evonik (20%) and Arkema (13%). Nevertheless, the dream of a direct synthesis process is close to a century old and it has gained momentum in research efforts during the last decade with more than 15 groups active in the world. In this review, we focus the discussion on the targets, e.g. plant tonnage, the reactors and the most feasible industrial operational conditions, based on our experience and point of view using the chemical engineering tools available. Thus, direct synthesis can be competitive when on-site production is required and capacities less than 10 kt per year are He has led and participated in 3 EU, 6 national/regional projects and 10+ SME contracts and has published 30+ research papers. Teresa MorenoTeresa Moreno obtained her degree in Chemical Engineering from Complutense University (Madrid, Spain) and later completed her PhD in Chemical Engineering at the University of Valladolid (Spain, 2011) studying the catalytic direct synthesis of hydrogen peroxide in supercritical CO 2 and the online determination of the product using Raman spectroscopy. She is currently a Research Scientist in the Industrial Bioactive Technologies Group at Callaghan Innovation (New Zealand) working on the development of processes for adding value to natural materials toward high value products and applications, including the development of sustainable technologies using supercritical fluids. View Article OnlineView Journal | View Issue and semi-continuous modes of operation. However, at the moment, demonstrations of continuous operations as well as carefully determined kinetics are needed in order to scale up the process. Finally, operational conditions, including the catalyst composition (active metal, oxidation state and support), promoters (halides and acids-pH-isoelectric point), solvents, pressure and temperature need to be carefully analysed. In our opinion, as we try to show here, H 2 O 2 direct synthesis is a competitive process and is ready for larger scale demonstration. Also, more than a hundred patents within the area support this claim, although the barriers of technology demonstration and further licensing are still pending.

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confidence: 69%

Section: Tapio O Salmimentioning

confidence: 99%

Engineering in direct synthesis of hydrogen peroxide: targets, reactors and guidelines for operational conditions

et al. 2014

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“…Even, different industrial proto-types have recently been reported based in the combination of two connected reaction systems where the intermediate H 2 O 2 is circulated between the reactor vessels, such as the HPPO two-step process for propene oxide production based on the direct synthesis of hydrogen peroxide [13,14,15]. Into this combined reaction route, several types or polymeric resins [16] and/or different transition metals [17,18], such as Pd, Pt and Au, supported onto inorganic oxides have able been to directly produce H 2 O 2 [19]. Additionally, titanium-silicalite zeolite (TS-1), firstly synthesized by Taramasso et al [20], has been an excellent solid catalyst for the propylene epoxidation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Propylene epoxidation with in situ generated H2O2 in supercritical conditions

et al. 2014

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ElsevierPrieto Arnal, A.; Palomino Roca, M.; Díaz Morales, UM.; Corma Canós, A. (2014). Propylene epoxidation with in situ generated H2O2 in supercritical conditions. Catalysis Today. 227:87-95. doi:10.1016Today. 227:87-95. doi:10. /j.cattod.2013 AbstractSeveral bi-functional materials based in palladium nanoparticles supported onto nanocrystalline titanium silicalite zeolite (Pd@TS-1) were prepared and used as active and reusable catalysts to direct PO production from hydrogen, oxygen and propylene through onepot two-step combined process. This type of catalysts was able to carry out the consecutive process where palladium nanoparticles catalyzed the formation of H 2 O 2 that was used as intermediate reagent for propylene epoxidation catalyzed by TS-1 nanocrystals, used as supporting active matrix. Influence of supercritical CO 2 conditions in batch reactions was evaluated together with the associated effect due to the presence of platinum promoters (Pd(Pt)@TS-1). Another reaction parameters were also considered, such as palladium loading, use of acidity inhibitors and modification of H 2 /O 2 /C 3 = ratio. Reusability studies showed the high stability of the catalysts in consecutive catalytic cycles, being possible their regeneration.

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“…[6] They are known catalysts for the hydrogenation of olefins, [7] propylene epoxidation, [8][9] and the production of hydrogen peroxide. [10] Coupling or cyclization of the alkynes acetylene [11][12][13][14] and propyne [15][16] has also been observed. The cyclotrimerization of acetylene on Pd deposited on MgO thin films or W surfaces was observed to occur at 330 K and higher, and was found to be dependent on the size and coverage of Pd nanoclusters.…”

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confidence: 93%

“…While still surrounded by the polymer micelle before calcination, the binding energy (E b ) of the Pd catalyst is observed as two broad peaks which are thought to be the superposition of two pairs of peaks at E b = 336.3 and 341.6 eV, and at E b = 338.1 and 343.3 eV. The former pair is assigned to PdO [10] and the latter (E b = 338.1 and 343.3 eV) we believe corresponds to Pd II bound to the CH 3 COOÀ groups of the micelle. Both peaks are consistent with Pd II .…”

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confidence: 98%

Benzene Formation at 70 °C by Coupling of Propylene on Supported Pd Nanoclusters

et al. 2005

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Reactions on supported transition metal clusters have important applications and often display unexpected reactivity when the cluster size is on the nanometer scale.[1] As reliable methods of preparing size-selected supported clusters have been developed, relationships between the preparation method, size, and/or support have become apparent, albeit poorly understood. Metal clusters can be synthesized by using micelle encapsulation, and this method has been further developed to make nanocluster powders supported on metal oxides.[2-4] The metal ions are initially dissolved homogeneously within the hydrophilic block copolymer cores of the micelle solutions, and the length and structure of the copolymers can be used to control the sizes of the clusters.

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Direct synthesis of hydrogen peroxide solution with palladium-loaded sulfonic acid polystyrene resins

Cited by 111 publications

References 9 publications

Engineering in direct synthesis of hydrogen peroxide: targets, reactors and guidelines for operational conditions

Engineering in direct synthesis of hydrogen peroxide: targets, reactors and guidelines for operational conditions

Propylene epoxidation with in situ generated H2O2 in supercritical conditions

Benzene Formation at 70 °C by Coupling of Propylene on Supported Pd Nanoclusters

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