Direct measurement of excited-state dipole matrix elements using electromagnetically induced transparency in the hyperfine Paschen-Back regime

Abstract

Reprinted with permission from the American Physical Society: Physical Review A 93, 043854 c 2016 by the American Physical Society. Readers may view, browse, and/or download material for temporary copying purposes only, provided these uses are for noncommercial personal purposes. Except as provided by law, this material may not be further reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modied, adapted, performed, displayed, published, or sold in whole or part, without prior written permission from the American Physical Society.Additional information: Use policyThe full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that:• a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in DRO • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders.Please consult the full DRO policy for further details. Applying large magnetic fields to gain access to the hyperfine Paschen-Back regime can isolate three-level systems in a hot alkali metal vapors, thereby simplifying usually complex atom-light interactions. We use this method to make the first direct measurement of the | 5P ||er||5D | matrix element in 87 Rb. An analytic model with only three levels accurately models the experimental electromagnetically induced transparency spectra and extracted Rabi frequencies are used to determine the dipole matrix element. We measure | 5P 3/2 ||er||5D 5/2 | = (2.290 ± 0.002 stat ± 0.04 syst )ea 0 , which is in excellent agreement with the theoretical calculations of Safronova, Williams, and Clark [Phys. Rev. A 69, 022509 (2004)].

Transmission of near-resonant light through a dense slab of cold atoms

“…The comparison with theory thus relies on modeling their inhomogeneous density distribution accurately. Second, an effective two-level system can be created in the widely used alkali atoms by imposing a strong magnetic field which could separate the different transitions by several times the natural linewidth as demonstrated in some recent experiments on three-level systems [50,51]. This method could be in principle applied on our setup to create an effective two-level system and could help to understand the aforementioned discrepancies.…”

Dark resonance formation with magnetically induced transitions: extension of spectral range and giant circular dichroism

“…It is important to mention that when exploiting only "allowed" transitions of a Λ-system for formation of the dark resonance, the DR intensity decreases practically down to zero for B > 1000 G [17], while the DR formed with the MI transition labeled 3 remains detectable even for B = 3000 G. We should note that DR formation in strong magnetic fields is possible by implementing a ladder-system transitions [18,19], however, in this case the key parameters (contrast and linewidth) are much worse than in the case of a Λ-system. Now let us consider the results for the case when the MI transition 2 → 0 ′ (∆F = −2, marked as 1' ) is used to form the DR (the probability of this MI versus magnetic field when using σ − radiation is shown in Fig.…”

Single-Photon Interference due to Motion in an Atomic Collective Excitation

“…Time delay, thermal vapors [43] offer a reliable platform for quantum state engineering. The addition of external magnetic fields allows for selective excitation and observation of well-defined simple systems that can be completely and accurately modelled [19,20]. Collective excitation of two velocity groups is an example of an entangled state that is robust against single atom loss and dephasing [44].…”