1996
DOI: 10.1016/0301-5629(96)00083-x
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Direct evidence of cavitation in vivo from diagnostic ultrasound

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Cited by 135 publications
(99 citation statements)
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“…This is the first study that assessed lung hemorrhage thresholds in rabbits. Other species for which US-induced lung damage thresholds have been assessed include mouse Raeman et al 1993Raeman et al ,1996Frizzell et al 1994;Dalecki et al 1997b;Zachary et al 2001a), rat (Holland et al 1996;Zachary et al 2001a;O'Brien et al 2001b) and pig (Baggs et al 1996;Dalecki et al 1997a;O'Brien et al 2003a). …”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…This is the first study that assessed lung hemorrhage thresholds in rabbits. Other species for which US-induced lung damage thresholds have been assessed include mouse Raeman et al 1993Raeman et al ,1996Frizzell et al 1994;Dalecki et al 1997b;Zachary et al 2001a), rat (Holland et al 1996;Zachary et al 2001a;O'Brien et al 2001b) and pig (Baggs et al 1996;Dalecki et al 1997a;O'Brien et al 2003a). …”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…However, concerns for its safety continue to be raised and addressed by members of the bioeffects research community (WFUMB 1998;AIUM 2000). These concerns are the result of numerous US-induced lung hemorrhage studies in mice, rats, rabbits, monkeys and pigs at exposure conditions similar to those used for scanning in humans Hartman et al 1990;Penney et al 1993;Raeman et al ,1996Frizzell et al 1994Frizzell et al ,2003Tarental and Canfield 1994;Zachary and O'Brien 1995;Harrison et al 1995;Baggs et al 1996;Holland et al 1996;O'Brien and Zachary 1997;Dalecki et al 1997aDalecki et al ,1997bWFUMB 1998;AIUM 2000;O'Brien et al 2000O'Brien et al ,2001aO'Brien et al , 2001bO'Brien et al ,2003aO'Brien et al ,2003bO'Brien et al ,2005Kramer et al 2001;Zachary et al 2001aZachary et al ,2001b.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Pre-2000 occurrence threshold findings (Fig. 22) across three species [mouse (Child et al, 1990;Raeman et al, 1993Raeman et al, ,1996Frizzell et al, 1994;Dalecki et al, 1997d), rat (Holland et al, 1996), pig (Baggs et al, 1996;Dalecki et al, 1997c)] have also been reported (AIUM, 2000) for which experimental techniques and statistical approaches were different from the statistical analysis procedure (Simpson et al, 2004) The results of the studies using mice, rats, rabbits and pigs have shown two important facts relative to the biological mechanisms of damage: (1) there are no differences in biological mechanism of injury induced by ultrasound based on species and age; therefore, structural differences among mammalian species studied are independent of the biological mechanism that causes ultrasound-induced lung damage and (2) lesions induced by ultrasound are similar in morphology in all species and age groups studied, and the character of the lesions is independent of frequency, PRF, and beamwidth. These findings suggest that the mechanism of injury is similar in all species and age groups.…”
Section: Ultrasound-induced Lung Hemorrhagementioning
confidence: 99%
“…Summary of lesion occurrence thresholds in terms of p r(in situ) (MPa) (bars; left axis) and MI (lines, right axis) from studies not using our experimental techniques and statistical approach. These data, by groupings from left to right, are estimated, respectively, from Child et al (1990), Raeman et al (1993Raeman et al ( ,1996, Frizzell et al (1994), Holland et al (1996), Baggs et al (1996) and Dalecki et al (1997c,d). Global summary of lesion occurrence thresholds in terms of the Mechanical Index as a function of frequency for four species (see Figs.…”
Section: Fig 19mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Mechanistically, these findings suggested that ultra-sound-induced lung hemorrhage was not caused by heating, but rather by inertial cavitation (Penny et al 1993;Holland et al 1996). Since 2000, we have published seven studies to evaluate whether inertial cavitation was responsible for ultrasound-induced lung hemorrhage Zachary et al 2001b;O'Brien et al 2002;Frizzell et al 2003;O'Brien et al 2003O'Brien et al ,2004, and each study has lacked support for the hypothesis that inertial cavitation is the mechanism.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%