Direct determination by nuclear magnetic resonance of the thixotropic and yielding behavior of suspensions

Raynaud, Jean‐Sébastien; Moucheront, Pascal; Baudez, Jean-Christophe; Bertrand, François; Guilbaud, J. P.; Coussot, Philippe

doi:10.1122/1.1463420

Cited by 142 publications

(133 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Widespread experimental observations of this phenomenon have been made by flow birefringence [5], and by NMR [6] and ultrasound velocity imaging [7]. More recently, fluidity banding has been reported in soft glassy materials [8]. In bulk mechanical measurements, the main signature of shear banding is a kink followed by a plateau in the steady state flow curve.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linear instability of planar shear banded flow of both diffusive and non-diffusive Johnson–Segalman fluids

Wilson

Fielding

2006

Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics

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We consider the linear stability of shear banded planar Couette flow of the JohnsonSegalman fluid, with and without the addition of stress diffusion to regularise the equations. In particular, we investigate the linear stability of an initially onedimensional "base" flow, with a flat interface between the bands, to two-dimensional perturbations representing undulations along the interface. We demonstrate analytically that, for the linear stability problem, the limit in which diffusion tends to zero is mathematically equivalent to a pure (non-diffusive) Johnson-Segalman model with a material interface between the shear bands, provided the wavelength of perturbations being considered is long relative to the (short) diffusion lengthscale.For no diffusion, we find that the flow is unstable to long waves for almost all arrangements of the two shear bands. In particular, for any set of fluid parameters and shear stress there is some arrangement of shear bands that shows this instability. Typically the stable arrangements of bands are those in which one of the two bands is very thin. Weak diffusion provides a small stabilising effect, rendering extremely long waves marginally stable. However, the basic long-wave instability mechanism is not affected by this, and where there would be instability as wavenumber k → 0 in the absence of diffusion, we observe instability for moderate to long waves even with diffusion. This paper is the first full analytical investigation into an instability first documented in the numerical study of [1]. Authors prior to that work have either happened to choose parameters where long waves are stable or used slightly different constitutive equations and Poiseuille flow, for which the parameters for instability appear to be much more restricted.We identify two driving terms that can cause instability: one, a jump in N 1 , as reported previously by Hinch et al. [2]; and the second, a discontinuity in shear rate. The mechanism for instability from the second of these is not thoroughly understood. Preprint submitted to Elsevier Science 3 May 2006We discuss the relevance of this work to recent experimental observations of complex dynamics seen in shear-banded flows.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linear instability of planar shear banded flow of both diffusive and non-diffusive Johnson–Segalman fluids

Wilson

Fielding

2006

Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics

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“…This volume was situated at the magnet center (so as to damp the effects of field heterogeneities) and sufficiently far from the bottom and the free surface of the rheometer for flow perturbations due to edge effects to remain negligible (this could be checked by velocity imaging at different depths in the fluid). This approach has been validated from tests with materials rotating as a plug within a single, rotating cylinder, and from tests with a Newtonian fluid [2]. The spatial resolution of our measurements is 0.5 mm.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…As a "MRI-rheometer" we used a set-up and procedures described in details in [2]. Here we only recall the main aspects.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rheological Behavior of Drilling Muds, Characterization Using Mri Visualization

Coussot¹,

Bertrand²,

Herzhaft

2004

Oil & Gas Science and Technology - Rev. IFP

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Résumé -Visualisation par IRM du comportement rhéologique des boues de forage -Les boues de forage sont des fluides complexes utilisés pour le forage des puits pétroliers. Le rôle des fluides de forage est multiple : transporter les déblais rocheux jusqu'à la surface, maintenir une pression au droit de la formation rocheuse, lubrifier et refroidir l'outil. Il y a principalement deux familles de boues de forage : les boues à base d'huile (émulsions inverses de saumure dans une phase huile avec de nombreux additifs) et les boues à base d'eau (solutions aqueuses d'argiles et de polymères). Les formulations de boues à base d'huile ont beaucoup évolué et sont des formulations très complexes comprenant de nombreux additifs. L'huile de base peut être de différente nature et les additifs sont variés : gouttelettes de saumure, tensioactifs, argiles organophiles, viscosifiants, divers solides, etc. Ces additifs donnent aux boues des propriétés rhéologiques particulières. Les boues de forage sont souvent décrites comme des fluides rhéofuidifiants et thixotropes à seuil. Du fait de leur composition complexe, les boues de forage ont une structure interne qui est susceptible de se modifier selon les conditions d'écoulement et/ou de cisaillement, pouvant mener à des phénomènes non homogènes au sein du matériau. Il est donc intéressant de développer des techniques d'investigation permettant de visualiser la structure du fluide parallèlement à une mesure rhéologique. Dans cet article, nous présentons des résultats de mesures rhéologiques couplées à de l'imagerie par résonance magnétique (IRM). Avec cette technique, il est possible de déterminer le profil de vitesse du fluide dans un écoulement viscométrique. Des mesures rhéologiques conventionnelles réalisées sur deux formulations de fluides de forage donnent des courbes d'écoulement similaires : au-dessus d'un gradient critique, elles présentent une comportement rhéofluidifiant avec seuil d'écoulement apparent, en dessous de ce gradient critique, on observe un comportement visqueux simple sans seuil d'écoulement. L'utilisation de l'IRM montre qu'en fait, en dessous de ce gradient critique, un écoulement stable n'est pas possible, la déformation se localise dans une zone dont la dimension peut dépendre de la taille des éléments constitutifs. Le comportement rhéologique apparent observé lors des mesures rhéologiques conventionnelles est donc la signature de cette zone cisaillée et ne représente pas le comportement du matériau dans son ensemble. Abstract

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“…Validation efforts for MR elastography techniques, which rely upon phase contrast measurement of local wavelength to determine material properties, provide a useful foundation (Muthupillai et al, 1995;Hamhaber et al, 2003;Ringleb et al 2005), but do not address the accuracy of tagged MR approaches to such strain fields. Other existing MR rheometry techniques rely upon well-defined flow fields, measured by MR velocimetry, which are inappropriate for study of brain tissue in its natural configuration (Gill et al, 1997;Hanlon et al, 1998;Raynaud et al, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic resonance measurement of transient shear wave propagation in a viscoelastic gel cylinder

Bayly

Massouros

Christoforou

et al. 2008

Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids

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A magnetic resonance measurement technique was developed to characterize the transient mechanical response of a gel cylinder subjected to angular acceleration. The technique employs tagged magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) synchronized to periodic impact excitation of a bulk specimen. The tagged MRI sequence provides, non-invasively, an array of distributed displacement and strain measurements with high spatial (here, 5 mm) and temporal (6 ms) resolution. The technique was validated on a cylindrical gelatin sample. Measured dynamic strain fields were compared to strain fields predicted using (1) a closed-form solution and (2) finite element simulation of shear waves in a three-parameter "standard" linear viscoelastic cylinder subjected to similar initial and boundary conditions. Material parameters used in the analyses were estimated from measurements made on the gelatin in a standard rheometer. The experimental results support the utility of tagged MRI for dynamic, non-invasive assays such as measurement of shear waves in brain tissue during angular acceleration of the skull. When applied in the inverse sense, the technique has potential for characterization of the mechanical behavior of gel biomaterials.

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Direct determination by nuclear magnetic resonance of the thixotropic and yielding behavior of suspensions

Cited by 142 publications

References 28 publications

Linear instability of planar shear banded flow of both diffusive and non-diffusive Johnson–Segalman fluids

Linear instability of planar shear banded flow of both diffusive and non-diffusive Johnson–Segalman fluids

Rheological Behavior of Drilling Muds, Characterization Using Mri Visualization

Magnetic resonance measurement of transient shear wave propagation in a viscoelastic gel cylinder

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