Dimensional Obsessive-Compulsive Scale

Abramowitz, Jonathan S.; Deacon, Brett J.; Olatunji, Bunmi O.; Wheaton, Michael G.; Berman, Noah C.; Losardo, Diane; Timpano, Kiara R.; McGrath, Patrick B.; Riemann, Bradley C.; Adams, Thomas G.; Björgvinsson, Thröstur; Storch, Eric A.; Hale, Lisa R.

doi:10.1037/t01031-000

Cited by 3 publications

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“…We included studies both randomized, quasirandomized, and uncontrolled studies assessing the effects of inpatient, residential, or daypatient treatment on compulsive-compulsive symptoms in children, adolescents, or adults with OCD. Assessment of obsessive-compulsive symptoms had to be based on self-report or interview measures at admission, discharge, and/or follow-up using the following measures: Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS self-report or interview version; Baer, 1991;Goodman et al, 1991), Children's Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (CY-BOCS; Scahill et al, 1997), Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory-Revised (OCI-R; Foa et al, 2002), and Dimensional Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (DOCS; Abramowitz et al, 2010).…”

Section: Eligibility Criteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of inpatient, residential, and day-patient treatment on obsessive-compulsive symptoms in persons with obsessive-compulsive disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Zisler,

Meule,

Endres

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Introduction: Patients with severe or treatment-refractory OCD in particular often need an extensive treatment which cannot be provided by outpatient care. Therefore, we aimed to estimate the effects and their moderators of inpatient, residential, or day-patient treatment on obsessive–compulsive symptoms in patients with OCD. Methods: PubMed, PsycINFO, and Web of Science were systematically screened according to the PRISMA guidelines. Studies were selected if they were conducted in an inpatient, residential, or day-patient treatment setting, were using a number of pre-defined instruments for assessing OCD symptom severity, and had a sample size of at least 20 individuals. Results: We identified 43 eligible studies in which inpatient, residential, or day-patient treatment was administered. The means and standard deviations at admission, discharge, and—if available—at follow-up were extracted. All treatment programs included cognitive-behavioral treatment with exposure and response prevention. Only one study reported to not have used psychopharmacological medication. Obsessive–compulsive symptoms decreased from admission to discharge with large effect sizes (g = -1.41, 95%CI [-1.57; -1.26]) and did not change from discharge to follow-up (g = 0.13, 95%CI [-0.08; 0.33]). Length of stay, age, sex, and region did not moderate the treatment effect from admission to discharge but instrument used did: effects were larger for clinician-rated interviews than for self-report measures. Conclusions: Individuals with OCD can achieve considerable symptom reductions when undertaking inpatient, residential, or day- patient treatment and effects are—on average—maintained after discharge.

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Section: Eligibility Criteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of inpatient, residential, and day-patient treatment on obsessive-compulsive symptoms in persons with obsessive-compulsive disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Zisler,

Meule,

Endres

et al. 2024

Preprint

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“…Dimensional Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (DOCS). The DOCS (Abramowitz et al, 2010) is a 20item measure that assesses four dimensions of obsessive-compulsive disorder: Contamination, Responsibility, Unacceptable Thoughts, and Symmetry. Each of these dimensions is described by a series of bullet points (e.g., "Thoughts or feelings that you are contaminated because you came into contact with (or were nearby) a certain object or person.").…”

Section: Measures In Samplementioning

confidence: 99%

Development and Validation of the Inventory of Depression and Anxiety Symptoms II – German Version

Wester¹,

Rubel²,

Zimmermann³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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The Expanded Version of the Inventory of Depression and Anxiety Symptoms (IDAS-II) is a 99-item self-report measure containing 18 nonoverlapping dimensional scales assessing symptoms of depression, anxiety, and mania. The aim of this study was to develop and validate a German adaptation of the IDAS-II. Participants from a community sample (N = 1054) completed the IDAS-II (German version) and a series of additional measures of depression and anxiety disorders. Item-level confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) confirmed unidimensionality and indicated good internal consistency of most symptom scales. A CFA of the IDAS-II scales based on exploratory results by Watson et al (2012) confirmed a three factor model of Distress, Obsessions/Fear, and Positive Mood. Correlational analyses with additional symptom measures supported convergent and discriminant validity. The IDAS-II (German Version) allows for a reliable assessment of severity of depression, anxiety, and bipolar symptoms, and is one of the first clinical measures for German-speaking samples that is consistent with the Hierarchical Taxonomy Of Psychopathology (HiTOP).

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“…Historically, research has attempted to define the heterogeneity in OCD symptoms by classifying OCD according to predominant symptom domains. For example, the Dimensional Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (Abramowitz et al, 2010) contains four theme-based dimensions: contamination (e.g., obsessions about germs or illness, often accompanied by washing/cleaning compulsions), symmetry/incompleteness (e.g., "just right" obsessions often accompanied by ordering/arranging compulsions), unacceptable thoughts (e.g., violent, sexual, or religious obsessions and rituals or covert neutralizing compulsions), and responsibility for harm (e.g., obsessions about causing a harmful event through injury or bad luck and checking compulsions). However, the content of obsessions can take on virtually any theme, with lesser known presentations such as relationship OCD (e.g., doubts about the "rightness" of intimate relationships), sexual orientation OCD (e.g., unwanted fears of being a different sexual orientation); perinatal OCD (e.g., fear of stabbing one's baby); and even the colloquially termed "schizophrenia OCD" (e.g., fear of developing psychosis), which are often followed by checking, avoiding, and reassurance-seeking compulsions (Abramowitz & Braddock, 2006;Doron et al, 2014;Fairbrother et al, 2022;Jones, 2022;Pinciotti et al, 2022).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Overcoming the forbidden: Identification and stigma of unacceptable thoughts in obsessive–compulsive disorder.

Coles,

Lahey,

Fawcett

et al. 2023

Stigma and Health

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Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a heterogeneous condition, with lesser known symptom presentations not met with the same acceptance or media/educational focus as contamination or symmetry. Distressing, unwanted, and ego-dystonic thoughts with sexual, aggressive, or religious themes (unacceptable thought OCD; UT-OCD) have been found to be especially misidentified by professionals and the general public alike. The present study explores misidentification of-and stigma toward-UT-OCD through an online survey. Students (n = 335) and community members (n = 77) were given vignettes describing an individual with religious, aggressive, sexual (child or nonchild focused), or contamination obsessions, followed by a Diagnostic and Attribution Questionnaire. UT-OCD vignettes were significantly more likely to be misdiagnosed (59.9%) and stigmatized than those presenting with contamination OCD (27.1%). People may be less likely to offer help to those with UT-OCD and express more fear if OCD symptom content involves a perceived threat of harm toward others. These findings suggest that not all OCD symptoms are identified or perceived equally. Stigma can be reduced if OCD symptoms are correctly identified. Therefore, education and awareness campaigns should highlight the broad range of prevailing OCD symptom presentations. Clinical Impact StatementThe present study suggests that unacceptable thought obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is significantly more likely to be misidentified and stigmatized than contamination OCD. Fear/danger and lack of willingness to help contribute most to stigmatizing beliefs. However, identifying symptoms as OCD can help decrease stigma. Education campaigns should address misconceptions surrounding OCD symptom presentations through more versatile representations of OCD in the media and educational settings. Increasing awareness is crucial for those struggling with OCD to minimize barriers to treatment.

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Dimensional Obsessive-Compulsive Scale

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Effects of inpatient, residential, and day-patient treatment on obsessive-compulsive symptoms in persons with obsessive-compulsive disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Effects of inpatient, residential, and day-patient treatment on obsessive-compulsive symptoms in persons with obsessive-compulsive disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Development and Validation of the Inventory of Depression and Anxiety Symptoms II – German Version

Overcoming the forbidden: Identification and stigma of unacceptable thoughts in obsessive–compulsive disorder.

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