Dilution effect of the feed on yield of olefins during catalytic cracking of vacuum gas oil

Corma, Avelino; Bermúdez, O.; Martı́nez, Cristina; Ortega, Francisco

doi:10.1016/s0926-860x(01)01000-6

Cited by 25 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 4 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…They also found that increasing the hydrocarbon partial pressure substantially lowered the C 3 and C 4 olefinicities leading to a decrease in the yield of propylene and butylene. These yield shifts suggest that the rate of hydrogen transfer increases with hydrocarbon partial pressure, as would be expected for a bimolecular reaction [26,49].…”

Section: Effect Of Hydrocarbon Partial Pressuresmentioning

confidence: 79%

Maximizing propylene production via FCC technology

2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This review looks at the main processes available for the production of light olefins with a focus on maximizing the production of propylene. Maximization of propylene production has become the focus of most refineries because it is in high demand and there is a supply shortage from modern steam crackers, which now produce relatively less propylene. The flexibility of the fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) to various reaction conditions makes it possible as one of the means to close the gap between supply and demand. The appropriate modification of the FCC process is accomplished by the synergistic integration of the catalyst, temperature, reaction-residence time, coke make, and hydrocarbon partial pressure. The main constraints for maximum propylene yield are based on having a suitable catalyst, suitable reactor configuration and reaction conditions.

show abstract

Section: Effect Of Hydrocarbon Partial Pressuresmentioning

confidence: 79%

Maximizing propylene production via FCC technology

2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…All the above results can be explained as follows: the hydrogen transfer reaction and the aromatization reaction, being bimolecular or multiple-step reactions, are more influenced by reducing the contact time with the catalyst [24,27]. In addition, the C 5 + selectivity increased remarkably with the 1-butene WHSV, due to the fact that the contact time was not long enough to let them crack sufficiently.…”

Section: 22mentioning

confidence: 95%

“…In the meantime, there was a remarkable enhancement in propene selectivity, which can also be explained in terms of the hydrogen transfer reactions, which being bimolecular, were more affected by lowing the reactant concentrations. Furthermore, the decrement in effective contact time and thus the suppression of hydrogen transfer and the aromatization of alkenes as discussed in Section 3.2.2 is another reason for the enhancing of the propene selectivity [27].…”

Section: 23mentioning

confidence: 99%

Butene Catalytic Cracking to Propene and Ethene over Potassium Modified ZSM-5 Catalysts

et al. 2005

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Catalytic cracking of butene over potassium modified ZSM-5 catalysts was carried out in a fixed-bed microreactor. By increasing the K loading on the ZSM-5, butene conversion and ethene selectivity decreased almost linearly, while propene selectivity increased first, then passed through a maximum (about 50% selectivity) with the addition of ca. 0.7-1.0% K, and then decreased slowly with further increasing of the K loading. The reaction conditions were 620°C, WHSV 3.5 h )1 , 0.1 MPa 1-butene partial pressure and 1 h of time on stream. Both by potassium modification of the ZSM-5 zeolite and by N 2 addition in the butene feed could enhance the selectivity towards propene effectively, but the catalyst stability did not show any improvement. On the other hand, addition of water to the butene feed could not only increase the butene conversion, but also improve the stability of the 0.7%K/ZSM-5 catalyst due to the effective removal of the coke formed, as demonstrated by the TPO spectra. XRD results indicated that the ZSM-5 structure of the 0.07% K/ZSM-5 catalyst was not destroyed even under this serious condition of adding water at 620°C.

show abstract

“…First measures were to use shorter contact time, and improved vaporization of oil through addition of an inert gas as diluents, usually nitrogen [11,12]. A large effort was undertaken by Grace to improve MAT protocol at the end of 90's, resulting in SCT-MAT (Short Contact Time-MAT).…”

Section: Fixed Bed Catalyst Plug Flow Gas: Microactivity Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

FCC testing at bench scale: New units, new processes, new feeds

Corma

Sauvanaud

2013

Catalysis Today

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

As the FCC process has evolved over decades, several laboratory scale equipment have appeared to maintain a proper assessment of catalysts activity. Several laboratory equipments are available for simulating the FCC process, from the well known fixed bed, MicroActivity Test to newer, fluid bed or transported bed units. As well, a number of units have been created to simulate other parts of the process such as regenerator or stripper, The increased pressure for treating non-conventional feeds, from reprocessing gasoline to extra-heavy feeds or oils produced from biomass containing large amounts of heteroatoms, increase the needs to have a laboratory test which is as close as possible to the process so that data extraction from the laboratory test are simplified, thus less prone to errors or misunderstanding. KeywordsLaboratory testing, catalytic cracking, naphtha cracking, coked catalyst, biooil cracking Highlights• FCC process is adapting to new feeds and new processes• Heavy resid feeds and biomass-derived feeds are being extensively tested • Significant operation and process changes are contemplated to squeeze maximum value from feeds: naphtha reprocessing, use of partially coked catalysts, several independent risers. 3

show abstract

Dilution effect of the feed on yield of olefins during catalytic cracking of vacuum gas oil

Cited by 25 publications

References 4 publications

Maximizing propylene production via FCC technology

Maximizing propylene production via FCC technology

Butene Catalytic Cracking to Propene and Ethene over Potassium Modified ZSM-5 Catalysts

FCC testing at bench scale: New units, new processes, new feeds

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About