Digitally programmable current-conveyor based mixed-mode universal filter

Fully Digitally Programmable Generalized Mixed Mode Universal Filter Configuration

“…This is attributed to its higher signal bandwidth, simpler circuitry and lower power consumption [11]. Introduction of digital control/programming in the second-generation CC (CCII) has further enhanced its functional flexibilities and versatility [7,10,12,17,26,29].…”

“…However, the limitation on the allowable range of analog tuning voltage makes it inconvenient for the low-voltage applications. Hence, in these applications, the digital control is more attractive [7,10,12,17,26,29]. Digital programming techniques not only yields better accuracy in avoiding parameter variations but also offers additional advantages such as better noise performance [3,24], power saving option [24] (for brevity reasons, these points are not discussed) and most importantly the direct compatibility to modern mixed mode (analog/digital) systems.…”

“…A detailed survey of available literature not only shows limited availability of CC-based DPUFs [7,10,12,16,17,26,29] but also shows that these DPUFs possess limited number of features. All these DPUFs except that of [26] realize three or lesser filter functions, provide limited programmability features (none of these DPUFs provide programming of filter types, i.e.…”

“…All these DPUFs except that of [26] realize three or lesser filter functions, provide limited programmability features (none of these DPUFs provide programming of filter types, i.e. reconfigurability) and also lack the mixed mode operation.…”

“…reconfigurability) and also lack the mixed mode operation. Recently reported DPUF of [26] realizes all the filter functions in all the modes, but it lacks the programming of gain parameter and filter types. UFs reported in [1,2,[19][20][21]31] operate in all the four modes, but none of them have the feature of digital programming.…”