“…multiple sources of data) are of particular relevance (Marr, 2015 ) ‘Value’ supports a new business model for ride-hailing (Marr, 2015 ) | Disruptive aspects of the company’s business model | Airbnb is regarded as a disruptive innovation considering its innovative internet-based business model (Guttentag, 2015 ) and its extensive use of data (Geissinger et al, 2020 ) | GFT used search query tracking to attempt to predict flu outbreaks faster than traditional methods could (Amankwah-Amoah, 2016 ) | Facebook’s business model is centred on users’ data. It uses social communication technologies to harvest a variety of formats of data from a broad range of sources which serve multiple purposes such as advertising (Delacroix et al, 2019 ) | Uber offers cheaper, more accessible, transportation options with a structural cost advantage to both taxi services and potentially even car ownership (Wessel, 2016 ) |
Critical event | New York City protests and court cases, and new regulations against short-term rental (2018) | Negative press coverage of the failure of the Flu Trends programme to outperform standard flu tracking systems (2014) | Allegations about misuse of UK and UK Facebook users’ data by Cambridge Analytica (2018) | UK protests and court cases, and prohibition of operating in London (2017) |
Dimension of legitimacy primarily affected by the critical event | Regulatory (Witt et al, 2015 ) | Pragmatic (Keevers, 2019 ) | Moral (Lischka, 2019 ) | Cultural-cognitive (Hwang, 2019 ) |
Consequences | Negative media coverage. Challenging lawsuits. |
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