Diffusion-Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging Detects Normal-Appearing White Matter Damage Unrelated to Short-term Disease Activity in Patients at the Earliest Clinical Stage of Multiple Sclerosis

A three-year, multi-parametric MRI study in patients at presentation with CIS

“…While these results agree with those of previous studies performed using DT MRI [23] and MT MRI [19,48], they are in contrast with those of another MT MRI study, which demonstrated that average NABT MTR was, in addition to T2 LV, a predictor of development of definite MS [24]. However, in this latter study [24] only CIS patients with at least four T2-visible lesions were included, thus excluding patients at a low risk of developing MS.…”

“…Previous smaller studies on brain atrophy in CIS patients did not show significant brain volume reductions [23,48]. In our large study, no significant difference in NBV was found when comparing CIS patients with healthy volunteers of the corresponding centre, with the exception of Centre I, from which we did not have evaluable controls' data.…”

A three-year, multi-parametric MRI study in patients at presentation with CIS

“…While these results agree with those of previous studies performed using DT MRI [23] and MT MRI [19,48], they are in contrast with those of another MT MRI study, which demonstrated that average NABT MTR was, in addition to T2 LV, a predictor of development of definite MS [24]. However, in this latter study [24] only CIS patients with at least four T2-visible lesions were included, thus excluding patients at a low risk of developing MS.…”

“…Previous smaller studies on brain atrophy in CIS patients did not show significant brain volume reductions [23,48]. In our large study, no significant difference in NBV was found when comparing CIS patients with healthy volunteers of the corresponding centre, with the exception of Centre I, from which we did not have evaluable controls' data.…”

A brain magnetization transfer MRI study with a clinical follow up of about four years in patients with clinically isolated syndromes suggestive of multiple sclerosis

“…The apparent discrepancy between these findings and those of the present study might, therefore, represent differences in methodological sensitivity and cohort sizes. On the other hand, however, our negative findings agree with the results of previous MT [34] and diffusion tensor [13] MRI studies of CIS, and with those of quantitative MR studies of patients with established MS, where NAGM changes have often been found to increase with disease duration and severity [2,14,27]. This suggests that the accumulation of intrinsic GM pathology in MS might be the consequence of retrograde degeneration of neurons, following the injury to axons passing through diseased WM regions [7].…”

Brain macro- and microscopic damage in patients with paediatric MS

“…The finding of a relatively mild NAWM involvement in CIS patients agrees with the results of previous studies in adult patients, which demonstrated absent or only subtle NAWM abnormalities 30 31. The correlation found between NAWM DT MRI abnormalities and the extent of T2-visible lesions suggests that Wallerian degeneration of axons passing through focal, macroscopic lesions is likely to be one of the factors contributing to NAWM damage in this disease.…”

A three-year, multi-parametric MRI study in patients at presentation with CIS

“…While these results agree with those of previous studies performed using DT MRI [23] and MT MRI [19,48], they are in contrast with those of another MT MRI study, which demonstrated that average NABT MTR was, in addition to T2 LV, a predictor of development of definite MS [24]. However, in this latter study [24] only CIS patients with at least four T2-visible lesions were included, thus excluding patients at a low risk of developing MS.…”

“…Previous smaller studies on brain atrophy in CIS patients did not show significant brain volume reductions [23,48]. In our large study, no significant difference in NBV was found when comparing CIS patients with healthy volunteers of the corresponding centre, with the exception of Centre I, from which we did not have evaluable controls' data.…”

A brain magnetization transfer MRI study with a clinical follow up of about four years in patients with clinically isolated syndromes suggestive of multiple sclerosis

“…The apparent discrepancy between these findings and those of the present study might, therefore, represent differences in methodological sensitivity and cohort sizes. On the other hand, however, our negative findings agree with the results of previous MT [34] and diffusion tensor [13] MRI studies of CIS, and with those of quantitative MR studies of patients with established MS, where NAGM changes have often been found to increase with disease duration and severity [2,14,27]. This suggests that the accumulation of intrinsic GM pathology in MS might be the consequence of retrograde degeneration of neurons, following the injury to axons passing through diseased WM regions [7].…”

Brain macro- and microscopic damage in patients with paediatric MS

“…The finding of a relatively mild NAWM involvement in CIS patients agrees with the results of previous studies in adult patients, which demonstrated absent or only subtle NAWM abnormalities 30 31. The correlation found between NAWM DT MRI abnormalities and the extent of T2-visible lesions suggests that Wallerian degeneration of axons passing through focal, macroscopic lesions is likely to be one of the factors contributing to NAWM damage in this disease.…”

A three-year, multi-parametric MRI study in patients at presentation with CIS

“…While these results agree with those of previous studies performed using DT MRI [23] and MT MRI [19,48], they are in contrast with those of another MT MRI study, which demonstrated that average NABT MTR was, in addition to T2 LV, a predictor of development of definite MS [24]. However, in this latter study [24] only CIS patients with at least four T2-visible lesions were included, thus excluding patients at a low risk of developing MS.…”

“…Previous smaller studies on brain atrophy in CIS patients did not show significant brain volume reductions [23,48]. In our large study, no significant difference in NBV was found when comparing CIS patients with healthy volunteers of the corresponding centre, with the exception of Centre I, from which we did not have evaluable controls' data.…”

A brain magnetization transfer MRI study with a clinical follow up of about four years in patients with clinically isolated syndromes suggestive of multiple sclerosis

“…The apparent discrepancy between these findings and those of the present study might, therefore, represent differences in methodological sensitivity and cohort sizes. On the other hand, however, our negative findings agree with the results of previous MT [34] and diffusion tensor [13] MRI studies of CIS, and with those of quantitative MR studies of patients with established MS, where NAGM changes have often been found to increase with disease duration and severity [2,14,27]. This suggests that the accumulation of intrinsic GM pathology in MS might be the consequence of retrograde degeneration of neurons, following the injury to axons passing through diseased WM regions [7].…”

Brain macro- and microscopic damage in patients with paediatric MS

“…The finding of a relatively mild NAWM involvement in CIS patients agrees with the results of previous studies in adult patients, which demonstrated absent or only subtle NAWM abnormalities 30 31. The correlation found between NAWM DT MRI abnormalities and the extent of T2-visible lesions suggests that Wallerian degeneration of axons passing through focal, macroscopic lesions is likely to be one of the factors contributing to NAWM damage in this disease.…”