Diffusion Characteristic of Several Elements in Copper During an Electric Spark Processing Under a Constant Magnetic Field

Gertsriken, D.S.; Mazanko, V. F.; Qiao, Shengru; Zhang, Chengyu

doi:10.1142/s0217984909020527

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 15 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Investigations of behaviour of metallic materials under mechanical shock compression have substantiated a notable increase in the rate of atoms movement in the solid phase [8]. Occurrence of enhanced mass transfer due to non-equilibrium conditions under pulsed deformations in the elastic as well as plastic range has been observed during mechanochemical thermal treatment of the following types: ultrasonic, laser, electro-hydropulses, pulsed magnetic fields, electrical discharge, deformations during reversible structural changes of martensite, and several other sorts of pulsed strain [9][10][11]. External energy influences at high levels including periodic laser pulses [12,13] significantly increase the mobility of atoms in alloys and metals of solid phase.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser Irradiation for Enhancing Mass Transfer in the Solid Phase of Metallic Materials

Murzin

2021

Metals

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Possibilities of using laser irradiation to enhance mass transfer in the solid phase of metallic materials in order to form structures with improved physical and mechanical properties were reviewed. The features of the diffusion mass transfer in metals and alloys under shock exposure were specified. In this case, the rate of diffusion processes of mass transfer can be significantly increased. The conditions for intensification of mass transfer in metallic materials by pulse-periodic laser irradiation were determined and the synthesis of nanoporous and composite oxide nanomaterials was described. A significant increase of the diffusion coefficient in a metallic material, in comparison to plain exposure to laser beam heating, was identified. It could be attributed to the synergy of heat exposure and laser-induced vibrations, mainly in the range of sound frequencies, as a result of a pulse-periodic laser irradiation. The condition for intensifying mass transfer in the solid phase of selectively oxidable metallic materials was identified as a non-stationary stress-strain state caused by laser-induced sound waves. The exploitation of this synergy effect permitted the implementation of a novel approach for the creation of structures of nanomaterials. At the same time, a targeted influence on mass transfer and the accompanying relaxation processes make it possible to achieve an increase in the efficiency of methods for processing metals and alloys.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser Irradiation for Enhancing Mass Transfer in the Solid Phase of Metallic Materials

Murzin

2021

Metals

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It is known that the effect of a significant increase in the rate of atoms movement in the solid phase of metals and alloys was identified as a new phenomenon in the study of processes occurring under mechanical shock compression [ 46 ]. The manifestation of this intensification effect of mass transfer in nonequilibrium conditions, which is caused by pulsed elastic or plastic deformation, was considered in the processes of mechanical–chemical–thermal treatment of various types: ultrasonic shock; pulsed laser; electrohydropulse; electrospark; pulsed magnetic field; deformation in the process of reversible martensitic transformations, and a number of other types of pulse loading [ 47 , 48 , 49 ]. External high-energy influences, which also include a pulse-periodic laser irradiation [ 50 ], lead to a notable increase in the atom’s mobility in alloys and metals in the solid state.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arrays Formation of Zinc Oxide Nano-Objects with Varying Morphology for Sensor Applications

Murzin

Kazanskiy

2020

Sensors

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The regularities and features of the formation of arrays of zinc oxide nano-objects with varying morphology are determined by CO2 laser processing with intensification of diffusion processes in the solid state of Cu–Zn metallic materials which are selectively oxidizable. In the process of laser treatment in air using the synergy of heat exposure and vibrations induced by laser with a force fundamental frequency of 100 Hz, the brass surface of samples is oxidized mainly with the generation of ZnO nanowires. The condition for intensification is the local non-stationary deformation caused by sound waves induced by laser. Upon the initiation of the processes of exfoliation of the initially formed layers on the material surface, apart from a disordered structure, a structure was formed in the central region containing two-dimensional objects made of zinc oxide with characteristic thicknesses of 70–100 nm. Such arrays can provide the potential to create a periodic localized electric field applying direct current, this allows the production of electrically switched diffraction gratings with a variable nature of zones. It has been established that during laser pulse-periodic irradiation on brass, the component of the metal alloy, namely, zinc, will oxidize on the surface in the extent that its diffusion to the surface will be ensured. During laser pulse-periodic heating under conditions of the experiment, the diffusion coefficient was 2–3 times higher than from direct heating and exposure to a temperature of 700 °C. The study of the electrical resistance of the created samples by the contact probe method was performed by the four-point probe method. It was determined that the specific electrical resistance at the center of the sample was 30–40% more than at the periphery. To determine the possibility of using the obtained material based on zinc oxide for the creation of sensors, oxygen was adsorbed on the sample in an oxygen–argon mixture, and then the electrical resistance in the central part was measured. It was found that the adsorbed oxygen increases the electrical resistivity of the sample by 70%. The formation of an oxide layer directly from the metal substrate can solve problem of forming an electrical contact between the gas-sensitive oxide layer and this substrate.

show abstract

“…In contrast to high-energy ion beam irradiation of metals, spark discharge plasma (glow, arc and spark discharges) in different gas media causes not only incorporation of media ions into the near-surface layer to the depth of the projective range, but also their further migration deep into metal [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. This effect changes phase composition on the surface of the material and at considerable depths [2][3][4][5][6][7], and the structure and properties of metallic products [3,4]. However, until now, undesirable effects of the penetration of atmospheric constituents into metals have been studied insufficiently.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction of metals and alloys with gas media under spark discharges

Mironov¹,

Mironov²,

Mazanko³

et al. 2018

REFFIT

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The paper studies the penetration of nitrogen, oxygen, hydrogen, carbon, argon and krypton into copper, nickel, molybdenum, titanium, aluminum, iron and different steels under the action of spark discharges in various media based on radioactive indicators using step-by-step radiometric analysis, macro-, micro-, electron-microscopy and activation autoradiography, Mössbauer and Auger spectroscopy, secondary ion-ionic emission, X-ray diffraction and X-ray microanalysis. The study describes distribution features of penetrating atoms and their concentration profiles. Phase composition of near-surface layers is also determined. It is shown that supersaturated solid solutions of iron in copper and copper in iron are formed during simultaneous iron and oxygen penetration in copper and spinel (Fe6Cu3O4)4. Diffusion of iron and carbon results in supersaturated solid solutions of iron and carbon in copper, copper and carbon in iron, graphite and cementite. Inert gases and nitrogen form solid solutions with copper. Phase composition of near-surface layers in Fe is determined. Iron dioxide FeO, a carbon solid solution in iron with fcc lattice γ-Fe, tetragonal martensite and cementite, two iron (III) hydroxide FeOOH modifications, a supersaturated solid solution of nitrogen and nitride Fe4N, solid solutions of inert gases in iron are formed in the diffusion zone. Simultaneous interaction of molybdenum with iron (the anode material) and various gases results in the formation of substitutional solid solutions of iron in molybdenum and molybdenum in iron, a small amount of interstitial solid solutions of nitrogen and carbon in molybdenum and nitrogen in iron, interstitial phases: molybdenum nitrides and carbides and traces of nitrides of iron (Fe4N, Fe2N) and Fe1,9Mo (λ) phases in the form of needles. Treatment of nickel with a nickel anode in the nitrogen medium promotes formation of a solid solution of nitrogen and nitride Ni3N in the matrix with preserved hexagonal symmetry and lattice parameters that are characteristic of this phase under equilibrium conditions. Atoms of oxygen, nitrogen, carbon and argon are present in the interstitial solid solutions in treatment of nickel in ambient air; however, oxides are not found even on the surface (in the layer ~200 nm). Interaction of titanium with atmospheric gases leads to formation of a solid solution of nitrogen, oxygen, carbon, hydrogen and argon in titanium and titanium nitride Ti2N (ε). Simultaneous saturation of the titanium surface with nickel and nitrogen in the interaction zone causes formation of phases in the following order: nickel nitride; a solid solution of nitrogen and titanium in nickel and a solid solution of both alloying elements in titanium.

show abstract

Diffusion Characteristic of Several Elements in Copper During an Electric Spark Processing Under a Constant Magnetic Field

Cited by 5 publications

References 15 publications

Laser Irradiation for Enhancing Mass Transfer in the Solid Phase of Metallic Materials

Laser Irradiation for Enhancing Mass Transfer in the Solid Phase of Metallic Materials

Arrays Formation of Zinc Oxide Nano-Objects with Varying Morphology for Sensor Applications

Interaction of metals and alloys with gas media under spark discharges

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About