Differentiation capacities of skeletal muscle satellite cells in Lantang and Landrace piglets

Abstract

We isolated and cultured satellite cells (SCs) from the longissimus dorsi muscles of 1-day-old male Landrace and Lantang piglets to compare the SC differentiation capacity in the two breeds. Lantang piglets yielded more (P < 0.05) SCs per gram of muscle than Landrace piglets (5.2 ± 0.9×104 vs. 2.4 ± 0.2×104). Transcription of the differentiation markers myogenin and myosin heavy chain I (MyHC I) in the longissimus dorsi muscle was higher in Lantang than Landrace piglets (P < 0.05). Protein levels of myogenin (P < 0.05), MyHC I (P < 0.05), and myogenic regulatory factor 4 (P = 0.07) were higher in Lantang than Landrace piglet SCs after 72 h of differentiation. Creatine kinase activity was higher in Lantang than Landrace piglet SCs after 24, 48, and 72 h of differentiation (P < 0.05), and there was a greater fusion index in Landrace piglet SCs after 72 h of differentiation. In addition, phosphorylation of Akt, mTOR, S6K1, S6, and 4EBP1 was lower in Lantang than Landrace piglet SCs (P < 0.05). Thus differentiation was more extensive in Lantang than Landrace piglet SCs, but expression of the mTOR signaling pathway was lower in Lantang piglet SCs, suggesting mTOR signaling may inhibit myogenic differentiation. These findings reveal that mTOR signaling is a factor in myogenesis and imply that mTOR could potentially serve as an activator of myoblast differentiation and muscle regeneration.

Differentiation proliferative capacity of skeletal muscle satellite cells from Dapulian and Landrace pigs

“…Meanwhile, SCs proliferative capacity in Dapulian pigs was also higher compared to that in Landrace pigs in vitro (Figure 3). Similar results also found that the muscle fibre size and SCs cell size cultured in vitro in Landrace pigs was larger than that in Lantang pigs (Wang et al 2012;Gao et al 2017). Dapulian and Lantang pigs are both native to China and are characterised by more intermuscular fat, better meat quality and lower growth performance compared to most of commercial pigs.…”

“…In Wang et al (2012)'s study, the expression of MSTN, S6K, MTOR and EIF4E (both at the mRNA and protein level) in SCs of Landrace pigs were significantly higher than those of Lantang pigs, which is consistent with our study. Gao et al (2017) also found that gene expression of the MTOR signalling pathway is lower in Lantang piglet SCs, suggesting that MTOR signalling might inhibit myogenic differentiation. Protein expression of MTOR, S6K1, and EIF4E in SCs from Dapulian pigs were lower than those from Landrace pigs, whereas the SCs from Lantang pigs exhibited more proliferative ability compared with Landrace pigs.…”

“…The LD muscle samples were collected (Li et al 2015), and the method used for isolating SCs was as previously described (Zhu et al 2013;Gao et al 2017). Briefly, we obtained LD muscle tissue from 1-day-old Dapulian and Landrace pigs with enzyme digestion using 0.2% collagenase Type II (Sigma, St. Louis, MO) for 2 h to release the SCs.…”

Influence of physical exercise on microRNAs in skeletal muscle regeneration, aging and diseases

“…The main stem cell pool of adult skeletal muscle are represented by satellite cells [ 20 ]. These cells, which were first described by Mauro (1961) [ 21 ], represent undifferentiated myogenic precursor cells that lie between the external lamina and sarcolemma of skeletal muscle fibers.…”

Effects and Molecular Mechanism of Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms of MEG3 on Porcine Skeletal Muscle Development

“…SCs are terminally differentiated into multinucleated myotubes and myofibers, which are essential for postnatal growth and regeneration of skeletal muscles ( Felicioni et al, 2020 ). The meat quality of different pig breeds is associated with proliferation and differentiation of SCs ( Gao et al, 2017 ). BaMa Xiang pig (BaMa) is a distinguished Chinese indigenous pig breed with a fat genotype and always is called as fat-type pig in some studies ( Liu et al, 2010 , 2015 ; Yang et al, 2014 ).…”