Differential regulation of anterior pituitary prodynorphin and gonadotropin-subunit gene expression by steroid hormones

Kaynard, Alan H.; Low, Kenneth G.; Meiner, Michael H.

doi:10.1016/0303-7207(92)90010-4

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Estrogen is essential for the regulation of luteinizing hormone (LH) and folliclestimulating hormone (FSH) synthesis and release (3,(26)(27)(28). Expression of gonadotropin subunits is suppressed or enhanced by estrogen depending on the conditions (29)(30)(31). The relative abundance of specific LH and FSH isoforms and thus their bioactivities may also be regulated by estrogen (32)(33)(34)(35).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estrogen Regulation of the Rat Anterior Pituitary Gland Proteome

Blake

Brown

Duncan

et al. 2005

Exp Biol Med (Maywood)

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Estrogen is known to affect the regulation of all six of the established anterior pituitary gland (AP) hormones, but little is known of the specifics of its regulation of the AP hormones, their isoforms, and nonhormonal AP proteins. We used difference gel electrophoresis in conjunction with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry and peptide mass fingerprinting to quantify the effects of estrogen on the AP-soluble protein fraction in rats. Two-month-old rats were ovariectomized and used at 6 months of age. They were injected subcutaneously with sesame oil vehicle or 50 mug estradiol valerate in vehicle and studied 48 hrs later, approximately 3 hrs before the time of the anticipated onset of the estrogen-induced surges of gonadotropins in blood. The APs were pooled, and the soluble protein fraction was examined in replicate analyses. After DeCyder software analysis, we identified 26 protein spots that had a 1.5-fold or greater average increase in the experimental group relative to the controls. Nineteen showed a 1.5-fold or greater decrease. Estrogen increased levels of the more acidic isoforms of growth hormone and prolactin and of proteins involved in protein synthesis, folding, and secretion (e.g., eukaryotic translation elongation factor 2, ERp57, ERp29, Hsc70-ps1, calreticulin, coatomer delta subunit, and secretogranin II) and of some metabolic enzymes (e.g., arginosuccinate synthetase, enolase 1, creatine kinase B, phosphoglycerate mutase, malate dehydrogenase, pyruvate kinase, and aldolase A). The majority of the downregulated proteins were involved in RNA or DNA interactions (e.g., five heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins, DEAD-box proteins 17 and 48, ssDNA binding protein PUR-alpha, PTB-associated splicing factor, and Pigpen protein), but isovaleryl coenzyme A dehydrogenase, mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase, stathmin 1, vinculin, radixin, and secretogranin III were also reduced. Our results indicate that estrogen acts in vivo within 48 hrs to modulate levels of a significant number of AP proteins.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estrogen Regulation of the Rat Anterior Pituitary Gland Proteome

Blake

Brown

Duncan

et al. 2005

Exp Biol Med (Maywood)

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“…Evidence also indicates that sequence variants within the PDYN gene modulate its expression and that effects on transcription differ by brain region, sex, and cell type 21 . Moreover, experimental data indicates that PDYN expression in brain and ovarian tissue is modulated by dihydrotestosterone and gonadal steroid hormones 22 23 , and that PDYN mRNA levels, as well as cocaine-induced behaviors, may be modulated by estrogen and progesterone 24 . Therefore, it is possible that effects of PDYN variants on development of alcoholism and related phenotypes may also differ in males and females, resulting in SNP by sex interactions and sex-dependent genetic effects.…”

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confidence: 99%

Associations of prodynorphin sequence variation with alcohol dependence and related traits are phenotype-specific and sex-dependent

Winham

Preuss

Geske

et al. 2015

Sci Rep

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We previously demonstrated that prodynorphin (PDYN) haplotypes and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs2281285 are associated with alcohol dependence and the propensity to drink in negative emotional states, and recent studies suggest that PDYN gene effects on substance dependence risk may be sex-related. We examined sex-dependent associations of PDYN variation with alcohol dependence and related phenotypes, including negative craving, time until relapse after treatment and the length of sobriety episodes before seeking treatment, in discovery and validation cohorts of European ancestry. We found a significant haplotype-by-sex interaction (p = 0.03), suggesting association with alcohol dependence in males (p = 1E-4) but not females. The rs2281285 G allele increased risk for alcohol dependence in males in the discovery cohort (OR = 1.49, p = 0.002), with a similar trend in the validation cohort (OR = 1.35, p = 0.086). However, rs2281285 showed a trend towards association with increased negative craving in females in both the discovery (beta = 10.16, p = 0.045) and validation samples (OR = 7.11, p = 0.066). In the discovery cohort, rs2281285 was associated with time until relapse after treatment in females (HR = 1.72, p = 0.037); in the validation cohort, it was associated with increased length of sobriety episodes before treatment in males (beta = 13.49, p = 0.001). Our findings suggest that sex-dependent effects of PDYN variants in alcohol dependence are phenotype-specific.

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“…Complete suppression of LH release and promoters of target genes to either stimulate or repress transcription (51). AP-1 sequences are present in the rat GnRH promoter a-subunit and LHb mRNAs in immature or adult ovx rats required 8-14 days of combined treatment with E 2 and P (38)(39)(40)(41). (52) although there is no evidence at present that cFos binds to these sequences directly (53 ).…”

Section: Gnrhmentioning

confidence: 99%

Facilitation or Inhibition of the Estradiol‐Induced Gonadotropin Surge in the Immature Rat by Progesterone: Regulation of GnRH and LH Messenger RNAs and Activation of GnRH Neurons

Attardi

Klatt²,

Ge³

et al. 1997

J Neuroendocrinology

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1) suppression of LH and free alpha-subunit secretion by P can be accounted for at least partly by suppression of alpha-subunit mRNA levels; 2) P facilitation is not associated with changes in LH subunit or GnRH mRNA levels; 3) the large proportion of cFos-positive GnRH neurons in P-facilitated rats closely parallels increases in serum LH concentrations but is not accompanied by changes in GnRH mRNA levels. It is likely, therefore, that P acts in the facilitation model to trigger release of pre-existing GnRH stores by altering synthesis or activity of neuro-transmitters/neuropeptides involved in GnRH regulation and/or release of LH stores by altering, for example, pituitary responsiveness to GnRH (including self-priming) and components of the LH secretory apparatus. Similar possibilities may also obtain for the blockade of the gonadotropin surge in the inhibition model.

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Differential regulation of anterior pituitary prodynorphin and gonadotropin-subunit gene expression by steroid hormones

Cited by 9 publications

References 52 publications

Estrogen Regulation of the Rat Anterior Pituitary Gland Proteome

Estrogen Regulation of the Rat Anterior Pituitary Gland Proteome

Associations of prodynorphin sequence variation with alcohol dependence and related traits are phenotype-specific and sex-dependent

Facilitation or Inhibition of the Estradiol‐Induced Gonadotropin Surge in the Immature Rat by Progesterone: Regulation of GnRH and LH Messenger RNAs and Activation of GnRH Neurons

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