Differential miRNA expression in pleural effusions derived from extracellular vesicles of patients with lung cancer, pulmonary tuberculosis, or pneumonia

Abstract

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been found to play important regulatory roles in various physiological and pathological processes. MiRNAs also exhibit high stability and are present at high concentrations in human bodily fluids. Consequently, miRNAs may represent attractive and novel diagnostic biomarkers for certain clinical conditions. Recently, the capacity for extracellular vesicles, including microvesicles and exosomes, to carry miRNAs that participate in cell-to-cell communication has been described. In the present study, the miRNA expression patterns for three kinds of pleural effusions that were obtained from patients with pneumonia (group A), pulmonary tuberculosis (group B), and lung cancer (group C) were detected with high-throughput sequencing. When the expression levels of these miRNAs were compared among the three groups, three differentially expressed miRNAs were detected between groups A and B, while 27 differentially expressed miRNAs were detected between groups A and C. Notably, miR-378i was significantly elevated only in group B, while miR-205-5p and miR-200b were markedly increased only in group C (p < 0.01). Further studies are needed to confirm whether these differentially expressed miRNAs may serve as prospective diagnostic markers for pulmonary diseases.

The role of exosomal miR‐375‐3p: A potential suppressor in bladder cancer via the Wnt/β‐catenin pathway

“…Furthermore, one study has suggested that a miRNA signature is more accurate in the classification of poorly differentiated tumors than mRNA. 20 Exosomal miRNA signatures of several types of cancer, including non-small cell lung cancer, [21][22][23][24] pancreatic cancer, 25 and hepatocellular carcinoma, 26 have been profiled. However, studies focused on the exosomal miRNAs derived from BC are still limited.…”

Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae lysates increase heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein secretion and exosome release in human middle‐ear epithelial cells

“…miR‐378a is reported to be implicated in colorectal cancer as a tumor suppressor (43) and also in metabolism and angiogenesis (44). miR‐378i was also found in colorectal cancer samples (45) and in patients with lung cancer, pulmonary tuberculosis, or pneumonia (46). Its role in HMEEC‐secretion exosomes is unclear and understudied.…”

Inducers of Epithelial Mesenchymal Transiton and Cancer Stem Cells in Malignant Pleural Effusions

“…Furthermore, tumor and stromal cells can regulate the invasiveness of cancer cells through exosome-mediated delivery of protein and miRNA in the regulation of EMT-related pathways. In lung cancer cells and in late stage of lung cancer serum, an involvment of exosome as drivers of epithelial to mesenchymal transition has been recently reported, furthermore Lin et al, demonstrated that contents exosomes miR-205-5p and miR-200b were markedly increased in malignant pleural effusion [41,42].…”