Differential impacts of six insecticides on a mealybug and its coccinellid predator

Barbosa, Plínio Almeida; Oliveira, Martin Duarte de; Barros, Eduardo M.; Michaud, J.P.; Torres, Jorge B.

doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.09.021

Cited by 50 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Pyriproxyfen, a juvenile hormone analog, has a unique mode of action that affects embryogenesis (Maharajan et al, 2018), metamorphosis (Barbosa et al, 2018) and reproduction of insects (Meng et al, 2018). Treatment from pyriproxyfen thus results in death typically at the pupal stage (Hustedt et al, 2017; Invest & Lucas, 2008; WHO Pesticide Evaluation Scheme (WHOPES), 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pyriproxyfen, a juvenile hormone analog, damages midgut cells and interferes with behaviors of Aedes aegypti larvae

Fiaz

Martínez

Plata-Rueda

et al. 2019

PeerJ

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Juvenile hormone analogs (JHA) are known to interfere with growth and biosynthesis of insects with potential for insecticide action. However, there has been comparatively few data on morphological effects of JHA on insect organs. To determine pyriproxyfen effects on Aedes aegypti larvae, we conducted toxicity, behavioral bioassays and assessed ultrastructural effects of pyriproxyfen on midgut cells. A. aegypti larvae were exposed in aqueous solution of pyriproxyfen LC50 concentrations and evaluated for 24 h. This study fulfilled the toxic prevalence of pyriproxyfen to A. aegypti larvae (LC50 = 8.2 mg L−1). Behavioral observations confirmed that pyriproxyfen treatment significantly changes swimming behavior of larvae, limiting its displacement and speed. The pyriproxyfen causes remarkable histopathological and cytotoxic alterations in the midgut of larvae. Histopathological study reveals presence of cytoplasmic vacuolization and damage to brush border of the digestive cells. The main salient lesions of cytotoxic effects are occurrence of cell debris released into the midgut lumen, cytoplasm rich in lipid droplets, autophagosomes, disorganized microvilli and deformed mitochondria. Data suggest that pyriproxyfen can be used to help to control and eradicate this insect vector.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pyriproxyfen, a juvenile hormone analog, damages midgut cells and interferes with behaviors of Aedes aegypti larvae

Fiaz

Martínez

Plata-Rueda

et al. 2019

PeerJ

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“…This finding suggests that the metabolism of resistant strain is biased toward detoxification rather than development. Therefore, insecticides and other xenobiotics slow down insects’ development, inhibit molting, and decrease emergence (Weissenberg et al, 1998; Adamski et al, 2005; Chaieb, 2010; Barbosa et al, 2018). Some tests indicated that resistance to insecticides may lead to decreased fitness in the insecticide-free environment and results in decreased generation-time and differentially biased sex ratio (Gordon et al, 2015).…”

Section: Agronomy and Ecologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Beetles as Model Organisms in Physiological, Biomedical and Environmental Studies – A Review

et al. 2019

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Model organisms are often used in biological, medical and environmental research. Among insects, Drosophila melanogaster, Galleria mellonella, Apis mellifera, Bombyx mori, Periplaneta americana , and Locusta migratoria are often used. However, new model organisms still appear. In recent years, an increasing number of insect species has been suggested as model organisms in life sciences research due to their worldwide distribution and environmental significance, the possibility of extrapolating research studies to vertebrates and the relatively low cost of rearing. Beetles are the largest insect order, with their representative – Tribolium castaneum – being the first species with a completely sequenced genome, and seem to be emerging as new potential candidates for model organisms in various studies. Apart from T. castaneum , additional species representing various Coleoptera families, such as Nicrophorus vespilloides, Leptinotarsa decemlineata, Coccinella septempunctata, Poecilus cupreus, Tenebrio molitor and many others, have been used. They are increasingly often included in two major research aspects: biomedical and environmental studies. Biomedical studies focus mainly on unraveling mechanisms of basic life processes, such as feeding, neurotransmission or activity of the immune system, as well as on elucidating the mechanism of different diseases (neurodegenerative, cardiovascular, metabolic, or immunological) using beetles as models. Furthermore, pharmacological bioassays for testing novel biologically active substances in beetles have also been developed. It should be emphasized that beetles are a source of compounds with potential antimicrobial and anticancer activity. Environmental-based studies focus mainly on the development and testing of new potential pesticides of both chemical and natural origin. Additionally, beetles are used as food or for their valuable supplements. Different beetle families are also used as bioindicators. Another important research area using beetles as models is behavioral ecology studies, for instance, parental care. In this paper, we review the current knowledge regarding beetles as model organisms and their practical application in various fields of life science.

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“…In the mealybugs, the male and female instars are indistinguishable upto the second instar stage, but can be easily identified as the third instars. The uninseminated female mealybugs were collected from cultures where the male development was inhibited by pyriproxyfen, an analogue of ecdysone [167]. The mealybug culture was seeded and maintained on sprouting potatoes, which was sprayed with 0.01ppm of pyriproxyfen for 21days and after this period, the culture was examined to confirm the absence of males and the females collected were the source of RNA.…”

Section: Transcriptome Sequencing and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome and transcriptome analysis of the mealybug Maconellicoccus hirsutus: A model for genomic Imprinting

Kohli

Gulati

Maini

et al. 2020

Preprint

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28In mealybugs, transcriptional inactivation of the entire paternal genome in males, due to 29 genomic imprinting, is closely correlated with sex determination. The sequencing, de-novo 30 assembly and annotation of the mealybug, Maconellicoccus hirsutus genome and its 31 comparison with Planococcus citri genome strengthened our gene identification. The expanded 32 gene classes, in both genomes relate to the high pesticide and radiation resistance; the 33 phenotypes correlating with increased gene copy number rather than the acquisition of novel 34 genes. The complete repertoire of genes for epigenetic regulation and multiple copies of genes 35 for the core members of polycomb and trithorax complexes and the canonical chromatin 36 remodelling complexes are present in both the genomes. Phylogenetic analysis with 37 Drosophila shows high conservation of most genes, while a few have diverged outside the 38 functional domain. The proteins involved in mammalian X-chromosome inactivation are 39 identified in mealybugs, thus demonstrating the evolutionary conservation of factors for 40 facultative heterochromatization. The transcriptome analysis of adult male and female 41 M.hirsutus indicates the expression of the epigenetic regulators and the differential expression 42 of metabolic pathway genes and the genes for sexual dimorphism. The depletion of 43 endosymbionts in males during development is reflected in the significantly lower expression 44 of endosymbiont genes in them.45 46 47 48 49 3 50Author summary 51 The mealybug system offers a unique model for genomic imprinting and differential regulation 52 of homologous chromosomes that pre-dates the discovery of dosage compensation of X 53 chromosomes in female mammals. In the absence of robust genetics for mealybugs, we 54 generated and analysed the genome and transcriptome profile as primary resources for effective 55 exploration. The expanded gene classes in the mealybugs relate to their unique biology; the 56 expansion of pesticide genes, trehalose transporter, SETMAR and retrotransposons correlate 57 with pesticide, desiccation and radiation resistance, respectively. The similarity in the genomic 58 profile of two species of mealybugs strengthens our gene prediction. All the known epigenetic 59 modifiers and proteins of the primary complexes like the PRC1,2 and the trithorax are 60 conserved in mealybugs, so also the homologues of mammalian proteins involved in X 61 chromosome inactivation. The high copy number of genes for many partners in these 62 complexes could facilitate the inactivation of a large part of the genome and raise the possibility 63 of formation of additional non-canonical complexes for sex specific chromosome inactivation. 64In adult males and females, the status of epigenetic regulation is likely to be in a maintenance 65 state; therefore, it is of interest to analyze the expression of epigenetic regulators during 66 development. 67 68 69 70 71 72 4 73 Abbreviations 74 Mhir-Maconellicoccus hirsutus, Pcit-Planococcus citri, Dmel-Drosoph...

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Differential impacts of six insecticides on a mealybug and its coccinellid predator

Cited by 50 publications

References 52 publications

Pyriproxyfen, a juvenile hormone analog, damages midgut cells and interferes with behaviors of Aedes aegypti larvae

Pyriproxyfen, a juvenile hormone analog, damages midgut cells and interferes with behaviors of Aedes aegypti larvae

Beetles as Model Organisms in Physiological, Biomedical and Environmental Studies – A Review

Genome and transcriptome analysis of the mealybug Maconellicoccus hirsutus: A model for genomic Imprinting

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