Differential Expression of Rab5 and Rab7 Small GTPase Proteins in Placental Tissues From Pregnancies Affected by Maternal Coronavirus Disease 2019

Benarroch, Yoel; Juttukonda, Lillian J.; Sabharwal, Vishakha; Boateng, Jeffery; Khan, Amir R.; Yarrington, Christina; Wachman, Elisha M.; Taglauer, Elizabeth

doi:10.1016/j.clinthera.2021.01.002

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…46,47 In line with this, a recent study suggests an alteration of the endocytic pathway at the maternalfetal interface during COVID-19. 48 The infection of PCSs did not lead to the induction of pro-inflammatory cytokines related to COVID-19 severity, 35 conflicting with a report on pregnant women with COVID-19. 49 Assuming exuberant immune reaction is central to the pathogenesis of COVID-19, 50,51 this discrepancy could be related to the absence of a functional endothelium and immune system in our ex vivo system.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

SARS-CoV-2 can infect and propagate in human placenta explants

Fahmi¹,

Brügger²,

Démoulins³

et al. 2021

Cell Reports Medicine

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

SARS-CoV-2 can infect and propagate in human placenta explants

Fahmi¹,

Brügger²,

Démoulins³

et al. 2021

Cell Reports Medicine

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“…Accordingly, it was recently proposed that the downregulation of Rab7 small GTPase protein found in placentae from COVID-19 pregnant women could result in retention of the virus in the early endosomes or trapping within late endosomes and MVB, mediating physiological placental blockade of SARS-CoV-2 in pregnancy and consequently its vertical transmission. This hypothesis would help to explain why the presence of SARS-CoV-2 material in the placenta constitutes a rare event and not the rule [54].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased Placental Anti-Oxidant Response in Asymptomatic and Symptomatic COVID-19 Third-Trimester Pregnancies

et al. 2022

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Despite Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) -induced Oxidative Stress (OxS) being well documented in different organs, the molecular pathways underlying placental OxS in late-pregnancy women with SARS-COV-2 infection are poorly understood. Herein, we performed an observational study to determine whether placentae of women testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 during the third trimester of pregnancy showed redox-related alterations involving Catalase (CAT) and Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) antioxidant enzymes as well as placenta morphological anomalies relative to a cohort of healthy pregnant women. Next, we evaluated if placental redox-related alterations and mitochondria pathological changes were correlated with the presence of maternal symptoms. We observed ultrastructural alterations of placental mitochondria accompanied by increased levels of oxidative stress markers Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances (TBARS) and Hypoxia Inducible Factor-1 α (HIF-1α) in SARS-CoV-2 women during the third trimester of pregnancy. Importantly, we found an increase in placental CAT and SOD antioxidant enzymes accompanied by physiological neonatal outcomes. Our findings strongly suggest a placenta-mediated OxS inhibition in response to SARS-CoV-2 infection, thus contrasting the cytotoxic profile caused by Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19).

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“…Image area and integrated density were measured via ImageJ software (imagej.net) for each immunofluorescent 200x image (n=5/slide) along with mean fluorescence values from 5 randomly selected background readings per image cohort to calculate a corrected total cell fluorescence (CTCF) per published protocols ( Kenan et al, 2020 , Taglauer et al, 2020 , Benarroch et al, 2021 ). An average CTCF was calculated from secondary only negative control slides (n=3 per staining assay) and used to calculate a final Fluorescence Ratio: target antigen CTCF/secondary only control CTCF.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%