Differential effect of protein and fat on plasma ghrelin levels in man

Erdmann, Johannes; Lippl, Florian; Schusdziarra, V.

doi:10.1016/s0167-0115(03)00195-2

Cited by 170 publications

(145 citation statements)

References 35 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

126

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Furthermore, diet composition influences predominately gastrointestinal hormones like ghrelin, while the other hormones are not directly influenced by diet. 30,31,42 The influence of dieting on ghrelin concentrations explains probably also the relative great variance of ghrelin levels in our study.…”

Section: Ghrelin In Obese Children T Reinehr Et Almentioning

confidence: 63%

Ghrelin levels before and after reduction of overweight due to a low-fat high-carbohydrate diet in obese children and adolescents

et al. 2005

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BACKGROUND: There are conflicting results for ghrelin changes in reduction of overweight. Increasing ghrelin levels in weight reduction are considered to be responsible for compensatory mechanisms that make the reduction of overweight unlikely to be sustained. METHODS:We have analyzed fasting serum ghrelin levels, weighed dietary record and, as biochemical markers of clinically relevant reduction of overweight, leptin, adiponectin and insulin levels and insulin resistance measured by homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) at baseline and after a 1-y outpatient weight reduction program based on a high-carbohydrate and low-fat diet in 37 obese children (median age 10 y). We divided these children into two subgroups according to their degree of weight loss (substantial reduction of overweight: decrease in SDS-BMIZ0.5). Furthermore, we analyzed ghrelin levels in 16 normalweight children. RESULTS: Obese children demonstrated significant (Po0.001) lower ghrelin levels compared to normal-weight children. Daily caloric intake (P ¼ 0.004) and percentage fat content decreased significantly (Po0.001), while percentage carbohydrate content increased significantly (P ¼ 0.003) between baseline and 1-y follow-up in the obese children. The substantial reduction of overweight in 16 children (median SDS-BMI ¼ À0.7) was associated with significant changes in insulin resistance (median decrease of HOMA 27%; P ¼ 0.013), insulin (median decrease 25%, P ¼ 0.036), adiponectin (median increase 15%; P ¼ 0.003), and leptin levels (median decrease 19%; P ¼ 0.023), while there were no significant changes in ghrelin levels (median increase 4%; P ¼ 0.326). In the 21 children without substantial reduction of overweight (median SDS-BMI ¼ À0.3), there were no significant changes in insulin resistance and in insulin, adiponectin, leptin and ghrelin levels. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that in obese children, low-fat high-carbohydrate diet-induced weight loss does not change ghrelin secretion, but significantly decreases leptin levels, increases adiponectin levels and improves insulin resistance determined by significantly decreased insulin resistance indices as well as lowered serum insulin levels.

show abstract

Section: Ghrelin In Obese Children T Reinehr Et Almentioning

confidence: 63%

Ghrelin levels before and after reduction of overweight due to a low-fat high-carbohydrate diet in obese children and adolescents

et al. 2005

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…There is little response of ghrelin to changes in gastric distension which suggests energy load and nutrient composition rather than volume of food may be the important signalling mechanisms (Shiiya et al, 2002;Callahan et al, 2004). However, evidence that nutrient intake acutely decreases ghrelin (Tschop et al, 2001;Shiiya et al, 2002) and reduces hunger has recently been questioned since the postprandial decline induced by high-carbohydrate (CHO) feeding (Tschop et al, 2001;Shiiya et al, 2002;Monteleone et al, 2003;Greenman et al, 2004) may not be replicated when intake is high in protein (Erdmann et al, 2003;Knerr et al, 2003;Greenman et al, 2004) or lipid (Monteleone et al, 2003;Erdmann et al, 2004). A recent study has also shown a potentially adverse increase in endogenous ghrelin circulation following a fatty meal (Erdmann et al, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of high-fat meals and fatty acid saturation on postprandial levels of the hormones ghrelin and leptin in healthy men

et al. 2005

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective: Ghrelin and leptin play a role in control of food intake and adiposity but mechanisms regulating these hormones in man are poorly defined and evidence that dietary fats may have adverse effects is inconclusive. We investigated whether high-fat meals, which differed in saturated fatty acid (SFA) content acutely modified these hormones. Design: Randomised, double-blind, crossover trial. A high-fat (HF) test meal (5974 g fat; 71% of energy as fat) was given for breakfast on two occasions. Meals comprised either high (B70:30) or low (B55:45) saturated:unsaturated fatty acid (SFA:USFA) ratio. Fasting and postprandial measurements of serum total ghrelin (RIA), leptin (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)) and insulin (RIA) were made over 6 h. Postprandial measurements were also made at 10 and 24 h following a fat-exclusion lunch, snack and dinner. Subjects: A total of 18 lean, healthy men. Results: There was no significant effect of the fatty meal (time, P40.05), nor a differential effect of SFA:USFA ratio (treatment * time, P40.05) on ghrelin over 6 h. Leptin decreased in response to both HF treatments (time, Po0.001) but increased SFA content did not further inhibit hormone secretion (treatment * time, P40.05). There was no significant correlation between ghrelin or leptin and circulating insulin (P40.05). Conclusion:We conclude that HF diets may adversely effect serum leptin, although the circadian decrease may account in part for this response. Increasing dietary SFAs had no deleterious effects on leptin or total ghrelin.

show abstract

“…Similarly, oral protein administration has been reported to increase plasma ghrelin levels by some authors [32,35] or to decrease them according to others [34]. In humans, constant lipid infusion has been reported not to influence plasma ghrelin levels [30], whereas oral fat administration has been reported to decrease, although to a lesser extent than after glucose ingestion [36,37] or even to increase circulating ghrelin levels [38]. On the other hand, protein intake has been reported both to increase [36,38] and not to affect [32,39] circulating ghrelin levels.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Estimation of gastric ghrelin-positive cells activity in hyperthyroid rats.

Dadan

Zbucki²,

Sawicki³

et al. 2009

Folia Histochem Cytobiol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract:Ghrelin is a peptide of 28 amino acids that transmits appetite related signals from peripheral organs to the brain. The main source of ghrelin is stomach. The regulation of ghrelin secretion is still unknown. The finding that fasting and food intake, respectively increase and decrease the secretion of ghrelin suggests that this hormone may be a bridge connecting somatic growth with energy metabolism and appears to play an important role in the alteration of energy homeostasis and body weight in pathophisiological conditions. The purpose of this study was the evaluation of gastric ghrelin immunoreactivity and ghrelin plasma concentration in male Wistar rats with hyperthyroidism. Experimental model of hyperthyroidism was induced by intraperitoneal injection of levothyroxine at the dose of 80 μg/kg daily over 21 days. At the end of experiment the animals were anaesthetized, blood was taken from abdominal aorta to determinate plasma ghrelin concentration by RIA and then the animals underwent resection of distal part of stomach. Immunohistochemical study were performed using monoclonal specific antybodies against ghrelin. Hyperthyroidism was a reason of increase of gastric mucosal ghrelin -immunoreactivity, accompanied by a significant decreased of ghrelin plasma concentration. Those observations may indicate, that chronic administration of L-thyroxine cause the change of ghrelin plasma concentration in rats, probably via direct influence on gastric X/A-like cells, but this effect is not responsible for hyperphagia associated with hyperthyroidism.

show abstract

Differential effect of protein and fat on plasma ghrelin levels in man

Cited by 170 publications

References 35 publications

Ghrelin levels before and after reduction of overweight due to a low-fat high-carbohydrate diet in obese children and adolescents

Ghrelin levels before and after reduction of overweight due to a low-fat high-carbohydrate diet in obese children and adolescents

Effect of high-fat meals and fatty acid saturation on postprandial levels of the hormones ghrelin and leptin in healthy men

Estimation of gastric ghrelin-positive cells activity in hyperthyroid rats.

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About