Differential distribution of IL28B.rs12979860 single-nucleotide polymorphism among Egyptian healthcare workers with and without a hepatitis C virus-specific cellular immune response

Abdelwahab, Sayed F.; Zakaria, Zainab; Sobhy, Maha; Hamdy, Shaimaa; Mahmoud, M. A.; Mikhail, Nabiel; Allam, Walaa R.; Rewisha, Eman; Waked, Imam

doi:10.1007/s00705-015-2446-7

Cited by 13 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…This HCW remained seronegative and aviremic for more than a year of follow-up after transient viremia [ 90 ]. A similar observation was also documented among other HCW in Egypt [ 97 , 98 ]. These data suggest the exposure to and clearance of HCV infection without antibody seroconversion.…”

Section: Reviewsupporting

confidence: 88%

Cellular immune response to hepatitis-C-virus in subjects without viremia or seroconversion: is it important?

Abdelwahab

2016

Infect Agents Cancer

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Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) causes chronic infection and represents a global health burden. To date, there is no licensed vaccine for HCV. The high viral replication rate and the existence of several HCV genotypes and quasispecies hamper the development of an effective universal vaccine. In this regard, the current HCV vaccine candidates show genotype-specific protection or narrow cross reactivity against other genotypes. Importantly, HCV spontaneous clearance occurs in 15–50 % of infected subjects, indicating that natural resistance to chronic infection exists. This phenomenon was demonstrated among humans and chimpanzees and continues to motivate researchers attempting to develop an effective HCV vaccine. However, what constitutes a protective immune response or correlate of protection against HCV infection is still vague. Additionally, the mechanisms behind successful HCV clearance suggest the coordination of several arms of the immune system, with cell-mediated immunity (CMI) playing a crucial role in this process. By contrast, although neutralizing antibodies have been identified, they are isolate-specific and poorly correlate with viral clearance. Antigen-specific CD4 T cells, instead, correlate with transient decline in HCV viremia and long-lasting control of the infection. Unfortunately, HCV has been very successful in evading host immune mechanisms, leading to complications such as liver fibrosis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Interestingly, CMI to HCV antigens were shown among exposed individuals without viremia or seroconversion, suggesting the clearance of prior HCV infection(s). These individuals include family members living with HCV-infected subjects, healthcare workers, IV drug users, and sexual contacts. The correlates of protection could be closely monitored among these individuals. This review provides a summary of HCV-specific immune responses in general and of CMI in particular in these cohorts. The importance of these CMI responses are discussed.

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Section: Reviewsupporting

confidence: 88%

Cellular immune response to hepatitis-C-virus in subjects without viremia or seroconversion: is it important?

Abdelwahab

2016

Infect Agents Cancer

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“…The high serum level of IL-6 had a predictive function in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and cardiac complications in patients with diabetes. [26][27][28][29][30][31] Also, Cheng et al 32 found that increased plasma concentrations of resistin were strongly associated with subsequent development of heart failure. The association of resistin with heart failure persisted after adjustment for established heart failure risk factors, obesity, markers of insulin resistance and inflammation, and concentrations of NT-proBNP, and after exclusion of prevalent and incident CHD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of resistin, IL-6 and NH2-terminal portion proBNP in the pathogenesis of cardiac disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus

Ghanem¹,

Abdel‐Samiee

Torky

et al. 2020

BMJ Open Diab Res Care

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IntroductionEpidemiological and genetic studies have recorded the association between proinflammatory cytokines and the development of insulin resistance, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. The role of interleukin 6 (IL-6), NH2-terminal portion pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and resistin in the pathogenesis of heart disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is still a matter of controversy. The current study aimed to evaluate the role of these biomarkers in the development of left ventricular systolic dysfunction and the ability to use them as non-invasive test in the prediction of left ventricular hypertrophy and systolic dysfunction in T2DM.Research design and methods150 participants were included in this case–control study. Patients were divided into two subgroups according to echocardiographic findings: group 1a included 46 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and echocardiographic evidence of abnormal systolic function; group 1b included 54 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and with normal echocardiogenic study; and group 2 included 50 apparently healthy controls. Routine laboratory investigations such as complete blood count, liver and renal function tests, and lipid profile, serum IL-6, NT-proBNP, and resistin were measured in all participants. Conventional echocardiography was done with special concern on the assessment of left ventricular systolic function (ejection fraction).ResultsThere was a significant increase in the level of resistin, NT-proBNP and IL-6 in group 1a patients compared with group 1b and in healthy controls. Echocardiographic parameters showed a significant increase in left ventricular mass index, left ventricle posterior wall thickness, interventricular septum thickness, and left ventricle mass in group 1a compared with group 1b and the control group. The increased left ventricular mass index was associated with higher levels of IL-6, NT-proBNP and resistin.ConclusionsProinflammatory cytokines had a clear relation with left ventricular systolic dysfunction and hypertrophy and can be used as early non-invasive markers for detection of left ventricular remodeling and systolic dysfunction in patients with T2DM.

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“…The etiology of portal hypertension was more in post-HCV (70%), HBV (4%), HCV, and HBV (8%), then Bilharizial periportal fibrosis (18%) [11,12]. There are 20 males and 30 females with no significant difference in the incidence of post-TIPS; there was no statistically significant difference as regards gender (p value 0.41) ( Table 1).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

The association between character of portal blood flow and post-TIPS incidence of hepatic encephalopathy

Elshazly¹,

Abdel‐Samiee²,

Tharwa³

et al. 2020

Egypt Liver Journal

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Background: Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is one of the serious complications observed post-TIPS operations in patients with different complications of portal hypertension such as refractory ascites, refractory hydrothorax, bleeding varices, and hepato-renal syndrome. Herein, we aimed to clarify predisposing factors for post-TIPS incidence of HE according to pre-TIPS hemodynamics. Results: Fifty patients were enrolled in this study with different complications of portal hypertension; most of them have Child A and B scores. Patients were evaluated by ultrasound Doppler for the flow inside the portal vein and clinically recorded into two groups: group 1, 31 patients with hepatopetal flow; and group 2, 19 patients with hepatofugal flow. Then, TIPS was performed and patients were reassessed 1 month later to detect HE. Multiple variables such as age, gender, etiology of liver disease, and indication for TIPS had no significant differences. The incidence of HE post-TIPS was observed more at group 1 more than at group 2 (P = 0.02). Conclusions: Post-TIPS incidence of HE was interestingly related to pre-TIPS flow in the portal vein (hepatopetal group more than hepatofugal group). Patients with hepatofugal flow in the portal vein are perfect candidate for TIPS than patients with hepatopetal flow in the portal vein. Patients with previous history of HE are contraindicated for TIPS except as a bridge for liver transplantation.

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Differential distribution of IL28B.rs12979860 single-nucleotide polymorphism among Egyptian healthcare workers with and without a hepatitis C virus-specific cellular immune response

Cited by 13 publications

References 51 publications

Cellular immune response to hepatitis-C-virus in subjects without viremia or seroconversion: is it important?

Cellular immune response to hepatitis-C-virus in subjects without viremia or seroconversion: is it important?

Role of resistin, IL-6 and NH2-terminal portion proBNP in the pathogenesis of cardiac disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus

The association between character of portal blood flow and post-TIPS incidence of hepatic encephalopathy

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