Differential Distribution of Blood and Lymphatic Vessels in the Murine Cornea

Ecoiffier, Tatiana; Yuen, Don; Chen, Lu

doi:10.1167/iovs.09-4505

Cited by 53 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…A study that induced corneal neovascularization in rats using sutures showed an initial growth of both blood and lymphatic vessels following a temporary inflammatory insult to the cornea, although lymphatics regressed earlier than blood vessels (27) . Ecoiffier et al also used sutureinduced inflammation to demonstrate different lymphangiogenic and haemangiogenic responses to an inflammatory stimulus, correlating these findings with others that show different regression periods (34) . As regards changes found near lymphatic vessels (Chart 5), myofibroblasts and anterior synechiae were present in a large number of specimens, having been observed in 23 (22.11%) and 15 cases (14.42%), respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

The main findings in histopathological examination of human corneal buttons with lymphangiogenesis

Ximenes

Silva

Vasconcelos

et al. 2015

Revista Brasileira De Oftalmologia

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

The main findings in histopathological examination of human corneal buttons with lymphangiogenesis

Ximenes

Silva

Vasconcelos

et al. 2015

Revista Brasileira De Oftalmologia

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“…It enables the epithelial cells to interact with ECM and chemical signals diffused from the vascular network [110] . Some studies showed that the limbus has a specific anatomic structure such as the niche, the LEC (limbal epithelial crypt) or LC (limbal crypt), which consists of a cord or finger of cells that are located between the palisades of the limbal stroma and extends radically to the conjunctiva stroma [92,93] .…”

Section: Stem Cells In Ocular Tissuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Importance of the stem cell microenvironment for ophthalmological cell-based therapy

Park

Wang

2015

WJSC

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Cell therapy is a promising treatment for diseases that are caused by cell degeneration or death. The cells for clinical transplantation are usually obtained by culturing healthy allogeneic or exogenous tissue in vitro . However, for diseases of the eye, obtaining the adequate number of cells for clinical transplantation is difficult due to the small size of tissue donors and the frequent needs of long-term amplification of cells in vitro , which results in low cell viability after transplantation. In addition, the transplanted cells often develop fibrosis or degrade and have very low survival. Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) are also promising candidates for cell therapy. Unfortunately, the differentiation of ESCs can bring immune rejection, tumorigenicity and undesired differentiated cells, limiting its clinical application. Although iPS cells can avoid the risk of immune rejection caused by ES cell differentiation post-transplantation, the low conversion rate, the risk of tumor formation and the potentially unpredictable biological changes that could occur through genetic manipulation hinder its clinical application. Thus, the desired clinical effect of cell therapy is impaired by these factors. Recent research findings recognize that the reason for low survival of the implanted cells not only depends on the seeded cells, but also on the cell microenvironment, which determines the cell survival, proliferation and even reverse differentiation. When used for cell therapy, the transplanted cells need a specific three-dimensional structure to anchor and specific extra cellular matrix components in addition to relevant cytokine signaling to transfer the required information to support their growth. These structures present in the matrix in which the stem cells reside are known as the stem cell microenvironment. The microenvironment interaction with the stem cells provides the necessary homeostasis for cell maintenance and growth. A large number of studies suggest that to explore how to reconstruct the stem cell microenvironment and strengthen its combination with the transplanted cells are key steps to successful cell therapy. In this review, we will describe the interactions of the stem cell microenvironment with the stem cells, discuss the importance of the stem cell microenvironment for cell-based therapy in ocular diseases, and introduce the progress of stem cell-based 448March 26, 2015|Volume 7|Issue 2|

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“…[21][22][23][24] Briefly, freshly excised corneas were fixed in acetone for immunofluorescent staining. Nonspecific staining was blocked with anti-Fc CD16/CD32 antibody (BD Biosciences, San Jose, CA) and donkey serum ( Jackson ImmunoResearch Laboratories Inc. West Grove, PA).…”

Section: Immunofluorescent Microscopic Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[21][22][23][24][25] Basically, vessels in each sample were evaluated using 4 parameters: invasion area, density, diameter, and branching points. The invasion area was presented in a percentage coverage score obtained by normalizing the vascular area to the total corneal area.…”

Section: Vascular and Macrophage Quantificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased Lymphangiogenesis and Hemangiogenesis in Infant Cornea

Yuen

Leu

Sadovnikova

et al. 2011

Lymphatic Research and Biology

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Background: Corneal lymphangiogenesis (LG) and hemangiogenesis (HG) accompany many diseases after inflammatory, infectious, traumatic or chemical insults. They also contribute to transplant rejection. It is known that corneal transplants in infants or children have a higher rejection rate than in adults. However, it has never been studied whether infant corneas differ from adult corneas in inflammatory LG, HG, or both, which is the focus of this study. Methods and Results: Corneal inflammatory LG and HG were induced by a standard suture placement model in C57BL/6 mice of 3 weeks and 8 weeks of age, respectively. Corneal LG, HG, and macrophage infiltration were assessed by immunofluorescent microscopic studies using specific antibodies against CD31 (a panendothelial cell marker), LYVE-1 (a lymphatic marker), and F4/80 (a macrophage marker). Blood vessels were also examined by ophthalmic slit-lamp microscopic assays in vivo. Digital images were analyzed by NIH Image J software. It was found, for the first time, that infant corneas exhibited a higher level of LG, HG, and macrophage infiltration during inflammation. Infant lymphatic and blood vessels demonstrated greater density and invasion area but similar branching points. Additionally, infant lymphatic vessels were also of larger diameter. Conclusions: Infant and adult corneas differ greatly in their inflammatory responses of LG, HG, and macrophage infiltration. These novel findings will shed some light on our understanding of the LG and HG processes, as well as the development of new therapeutic protocols for corneal diseases, particularly, in infants or children, where an early restoration of sight is critically important in preventing amblyopia or permanent vision loss.

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Differential Distribution of Blood and Lymphatic Vessels in the Murine Cornea

Cited by 53 publications

References 28 publications

The main findings in histopathological examination of human corneal buttons with lymphangiogenesis

The main findings in histopathological examination of human corneal buttons with lymphangiogenesis

Importance of the stem cell microenvironment for ophthalmological cell-based therapy

Increased Lymphangiogenesis and Hemangiogenesis in Infant Cornea

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