Differential diagnosis of hair loss in children

Mandt, Nathalie; Vogt, Annika; Blume‐Peytavi, Ulrike

doi:10.1046/j.1439-0353.2004.04044.x

Cited by 27 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 63 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Hair loss in children often presents with clinical features and patterns that are different from those of the adult population. Common causes of hair loss in children[ 1 2 ] include alopecia areata, tinea capitis, traction alopecia, and trichotillomania. In addition to the previous, other less common causes of hair loss[ 2 ] can be seen including bacterial infections and systemic illnesses such as thyroid disorders, iron deficiency anemia, malnutrition, and structural abnormalities of the hair shaft.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical significance of trichoscopy in common causes of hair loss in children: Analysis of 134 cases

Al-Refu

2018

Int J Trichol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction:Hair loss is a common and distressing clinical complaint in the dermatology clinics. Common causes of hair loss in children include alopecia areata, tinea capitis, traction alopecia, and trichotillomania. Newly, trichoscopy allows differential diagnosis of hair loss in most cases and allows visualization of hair shafts and scalps without the need of removing hair.Objective:The main objective is to compare the different trichoscopic features of common causes of patchy hair in children loss including tinea capitis, alopecia areata, traction alopecia, and trichotillomania.Patients and Methods:This study included 134 patients, 63 patients with tinea capitis, 38 patients with alopecia areata, 18 patients with traction alopecia, and 15 patients with trichotillomania. The diagnostic tools for the diagnosis of hair loss problem included a detailed history, evaluation of the child's hair and scalp, fungal scrapping, and trichoscopy.Results:Tinea capitis was the most common, and the trichoscopic features were comma-shaped hairs, corkscrew hairs, short broken hairs, and interrupted hairs. While in alopecia areata patients, the most specific features were yellow dots and black dots, microexclamation mark, hair shafts with variable thickness, and vellus hairs, with uncommon features included: monilethrix, coiled, zigzag, and tulip hairs. Trichoscopy of trichotillomania showed hair with fraying of ends, breakage at different lengths, short and coiled hairs, and amorphous hair residues. The trichoscopic features of traction alopecia were similar to those of trichotillomania. However, flame hairs and coiled hairs were less common.Conclusions:Trichoscopy is a noninvasive method of examining hair and scalp. It allows differential diagnosis of hair loss in most cases.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical significance of trichoscopy in common causes of hair loss in children: Analysis of 134 cases

Al-Refu

2018

Int J Trichol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Common causes of hair loss in children [34] include telogen effluvium, tinea capitis, bacterial infections, traction alopecia, trichotillomania, alopecia areata. In addition to the previous, other less common causes of hair loss can be seen including [5] thyroid disorders, illnesses, such as systemic lupus erythematosus, diabetes mellitus, or iron deficiency anemia, malnutrition, structural abnormalities of the hair shaft that usually results in easy breakage and dry brittle hair.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hair loss in children: Common and uncommon causes; clinical and epidemiological study in Jordan

Al-Refu

2013

Int J Trichol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background:Alopecia is a common complaint in dermatology clinics, and can be caused by a number of conditions, and has patterns that are different from that seen in adults.Aim of Study:No previous studies investigating the clinical types of hair loss in Jordan and its epidemiology. The ultimate aim was to provide a guide for the evaluation of hair loss commonly occurring in childhood in our environment.Patients and Methods:A total of 2800 children were seen at the dermatology clinics (Karak teaching hospital and Mutah university medical center) during January 2009 to October 2013 complaining of various clinical dermatological symptoms.Results:Of these patients, 210 children were complaining of hair loss and scalp disorders (7.5% of pediatric dermatology cases seen in Jordan). The most common presentation was asymptomatic patchy hair loss (40%). Other symptoms were scaly scalp (22.9%), diffuse hair loss (21.4%), change in hair texture and color (8.1%), pruritus (5.7%), and pain in the scalp (1%). Tinea capitis was the commonest causes of hair loss (40.0%) followed by alopecia areata (26.2%) and telogen effluvium (17.6%). Other common causes of hair loss were observed in this study, these include chronic diffuse form of hair loss, trichotillomania, and traction alopecia.Conclusions:As has been observed in this study, hair problem may be due to important nutritional deficiency such as iron and zinc elements, and this is very important problem to think of especially in developing countries. Therefore, hair examination by a pediatrician or dermatologist is an important part of the physical examination.

show abstract

“…1 However, variations in morphology and thickness of the hair shaft also occur intraindividually as a sign of internal diseases, nutritional deficiencies, or hair shaft anomalies. [2][3][4][5] The monitoring of hair shaft thickness over the course of a disease and during treatment may provide a valuable diagnostic tool. 5 It may also help to evaluate the efficacy of new therapeutic compounds and strategies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The accurate measurement of the hair shaft thickness is, however, complicated by the elliptic geometry of the human hair shaft. 3,6,7 Furthermore, standard methods for the determination of hair thickness, such as light microscopy (LM) of longitudinally embedded hair shafts and of cross sections are time consuming and require the cutting and processing of the hair shafts. Additionally, a monitoring of the kinetics of shaft thickness of one distinct hair cannot be realized, as the hairs have to be removed for investigation purposes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical coherent tomography: promising in vivo measurement of hair shaft cross section

et al. 2011

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Variations in hair shaft morphology reflect ethnical diversity, but may also indicate internal diseases, nutritional deficiency, or hair and scalp disorders. The measurement and the follow-up of the hair shaft thickness over a defined period of time would be a valuable diagnostic tool in clinical practice. Standard light microscopy (LM) measurements require the epilation of hair shafts and frequently yield inaccurate values caused by the elliptic geometry of human hair shafts. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a noninvasive investigation method based on the principles of Michelson interferometry with a detection depth of approximately 1 mm in human skin. Two-dimensional images of the cross sections of tissue samples at a resolution of approximately 10 μm are produced, which allows convenient calculation of hair shaft thickness. To evaluate this new methodology for hair shaft thickness measurements, hair shafts taken from 28 healthy volunteers were analyzed by in vivo OCT and compared to standard in vitro LM measurements of hair shaft thickness. OCT yielded highly reproducible measurements of hair shaft thickness with a distinctly reduced variation compared to standard LM. This technique offers a unique opportunity for in vivo measurement and a follow-up of the kinetics of hair shaft thickness in humans during medical therapy.

show abstract

Differential diagnosis of hair loss in children

Cited by 27 publications

References 63 publications

Clinical significance of trichoscopy in common causes of hair loss in children: Analysis of 134 cases

Clinical significance of trichoscopy in common causes of hair loss in children: Analysis of 134 cases

Hair loss in children: Common and uncommon causes; clinical and epidemiological study in Jordan

Optical coherent tomography: promising in vivo measurement of hair shaft cross section

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About