Differential diagnosis of anterior segment cysts by ultrasound biomicroscopy

Marigo, Flavio A; Esaki, Koji; Finger, Paul T.; Ishikawa, Hiroshi; Greenfield, David S.; Liebmann, Jeffrey M.; Ritch, Robert

doi:10.1016/s0161-6420(99)90495-5

Cited by 71 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Compared to the OCT, UBM can be used to produce images of posterior structures such as the ciliary body, zonules, and peripheral lens, but it causes more discomfort during the examination and is operator dependent. Both modalities can be utilized to obtain real-time images of the anterior segment [ 1 , 3 , 12 , 26 , 27 ]. The mean iris thickness that was assessed using OCT at two locations (750 nm and 2,000 nm from the scleral spur) was 0.406 mm and 0.514 mm, respectively [ 28 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Diagnostic modalities to pick up such changes include high-frequency ultrasonography (ultrasound biomicroscopy; UBM) and optical coherence tomography (OCT). Examples are structural misalignment caused by ocular tumors (e.g., uveal melanoma (iris or ciliary body), iris metastasis, ciliary body leiomyoma, and others) [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 ], or abnormal thickening caused by infiltration (e.g., uveitis, metastasis, lymphoma, metastasis, granulomas, and other infiltrative tumors) [ 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 ]. Other recognized causes of anterior segment morphology alterations are glaucoma and intraocular implants [ 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The depth of the anterior segment (ASD), the angle of the anterior chamber (ACA), and the thickness of the iris and ciliary body may all be measured using this method. As a result, it is used to diagnose a variety of anterior chamber conditions, including congenital anterior chamber abnormalities, open-angle glaucoma, cataracts, iris problems, iris, and ciliary cancers, and various conjunctival infections [ 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anterior Ocular Biometrics as Measured by Ultrasound Biomicroscopy

et al. 2022

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Background: High frequency ultrasonography (ultrasound biomicroscopy; UBM) is an ophthalmic diagnostic tool that can be used to measure the depth of the anterior segment (ASD), the anterior chamber angle (ACA), as well as thicknesses of the iris and the ciliary body (CB). Methods: The anterior segment dimensions and thicknesses were measured by Sonomed 35-MHz. Results: Measurements for 95 eyes from 52 adults were analyzed. The mean and median ASD and ACA were 2.91, 2.92 ± 0.41 mm and 34.1, 34.3 ± 12.1 degrees, respectively. The angle superiorly was wider than inferiorly (p = 0.04). At the root of the iris, the mid of the iris, and the juxtapupillary edge of the iris, the iris thicknesses (median, mean) were 0.40, 0.41 ± 0.1, 0.50, 0.51 ± 0.1, and 0.70, 0.71 ± 0.1 mm, respectively. The thicknesses of CB and CB together with the ciliary processes (median, mean), were 0.70, 0.71 ± 0.15 mm and 1.36, 1.41 ± 0.15 mm, respectively. The upper quadrant of both the iris and the CB was significantly thicker than the lower quadrant (p = 0.04). Conclusions: Our biometric measurements for the anterior segment can be used as normative data for anterior segment depth and angle and iris and ciliary body thickness in normal eyes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anterior Ocular Biometrics as Measured by Ultrasound Biomicroscopy

et al. 2022

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“…Pearl cysts are described to have three layers with differing reflectivity: a moderately reflective epithelial cyst wall, an intermediate layer with lower reflectivity composed of degenerated epithelial cells, mucus, and inflammatory debris, and a central, highly reflective core filled with keratinous debris. Serous cysts are also described to have moderately reflective cyst walls but instead have primarily anechoic central cavities [ 4 , 13 , 26 ].…”

Section: Review Of the Literature And Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenges of Posttraumatic Iris Implantation Cysts: Illustrative Case Presentations and a Review of the Literature

Venkateswaran

Ching

Fischer

et al. 2015

Case Reports in Ophthalmological Medicine

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Posttraumatic iris implantation cysts are rare ocular findings that are often associated with poor visual outcomes. Iris implantation cysts can present clinicians with diagnostic and therapeutic challenges given their variable presentations and frequently destructive nature. In this paper, we provide descriptions of two unusual cases of posttraumatic iris implantation cysts. The first case is of a recurrent keratin-filled iris implantation cyst that developed after open globe injury and intraocular implantation of cilia and was treated with cyst debulking procedures, injections of 5-Fluorouracil, and iridocyclectomy. The second case is of recurrent posttraumatic serous iris implantation cysts that were treated with laser, cyst aspiration, and injections of 5-Fluorouracil. We use these cases as a platform to discuss the different manifestations of implantation cysts, the roles of anterior segment optical coherence tomography, ultrasound biomicroscopy, and histopathology in facilitating timely and accurate diagnosis and review the range of available therapeutic modalities. We discuss conservative treatment approaches, including the novel use of 5-Fluorouracil therapy as an adjunct therapy, as well as more aggressive surgical excision requiring ocular reconstruction. Through a discussion of these cases and review of the literature, we provide recommendations to assist clinicians in managing this uncommon but vision-threatening condition and minimizing complications.

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“…Iridociliary cysts, the majority of which were located at the iris-ciliary body junction or the top of ciliary processes, were benign cyst lesions. [ 5 ] They are rarely found by slit-lamp examination, gonioscopy, or optical coherence tomography (OCT). [ 6 , 7 ] The large iridociliary cysts can cause anterior chamber angle closure and increase the risk of secondary glaucoma.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iridociliary cysts do not impact on posterior phakic intraocular lens implantation for high myopia correction: A prospective cohort study in 1569 eyes

et al. 2018

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PurposeTo investigate the clinical characters and effect of iridociliary cysts among patients who had undergone posterior phakic intraocular lens implantation.MethodsA total 1569 eyes of 866 high myopia patients, who underwent phakic intraocular lens implantation from 1 September 2011 to 31 August 2016, was included in this prospective cohort study. These patients were followed up for more than 12 months postoperatively.ResultsDuring the study period, 218 eyes (14%) of 154 patients were diagnosed with iridociliary cysts by ultrasound biomicroscopy. There were 74.3% patients with unilateral cysts and the cysts tended to have occurred in patients ages 20 to 30 years old (22%). The location of the cysts varied with temporal position as the most (50%) and superior position as the least (9.6%). After 1 week postoperative follow-up, there were no significant differences in clinical outcomes between the cysts group and no cysts group, but the proportion of 20/20 or better uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), and the 2 types of vector astigmatism. Intraocular pressure (IOP), refraction, and vault remained stable at different time points of the follow-up period, while vault of cysts patients tend to be lower than patients without cysts at more than 12 months.ConclusionsIridociliary cysts were more common than estimated and it had no impact on Phakic Intraocular Lens implantation because there was no clue to show significantly difference on postoperative clinical outcomes between the patients with and without iridociliary cysts in this study.

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Differential diagnosis of anterior segment cysts by ultrasound biomicroscopy

Cited by 71 publications

References 23 publications

Anterior Ocular Biometrics as Measured by Ultrasound Biomicroscopy

Anterior Ocular Biometrics as Measured by Ultrasound Biomicroscopy

The Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenges of Posttraumatic Iris Implantation Cysts: Illustrative Case Presentations and a Review of the Literature

Iridociliary cysts do not impact on posterior phakic intraocular lens implantation for high myopia correction: A prospective cohort study in 1569 eyes

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