Different versions of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) as screening instruments for underage binge drinking

Tomás, María Teresa Cortés; Giménez-Costa, José-Antonio; Motos-Sellés, Patricia; Sancerni-Beitia, María-Dolores

doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2015.10.033

Cited by 29 publications

(35 citation statements)

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“…It was worded as follows: During the past 6 months, what is the average number of days per month with BD consumptions (seven or more Spanish SDUs for males and six or more SDUs for females over a 2 h period )? The response scale was adapted based on the results obtained in prior studies conducted with minors and university students (Patrick et al, 2013; Cortés et al, 2016; Hagman, 2016). Following the revision of consumption quantity and frequency, it is considered more representative to use response alternatives that qualify normal situations, such as that some youth have engaged in BD once over the past 6 months, hence alternative 1 which considers this behavior to be sporadic and different from that of the other alternatives.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, cut-off scores that maximized sensitivity were used. This methodology is based on prior studies (Cortés et al, 2016; Cortés Tomás et al, 2017). In the absence of a gold standard, Zweig and Campbell (1993) suggest using a consensus or majority expert opinion.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of the most frequently used screening instruments for the identification of high-risk alcohol consumption in youth is the AUDIT and its abbreviated versions (Patton et al, 2014; Cortés et al, 2016; Hagman, 2016) which was designed to identify persons with hazardous and harmful patterns of alcohol consumption (Babor et al, 2001). Specifically, research on the young brain refers mainly to these tools to compile consumption data and classify youth as either binge drinking (BD) or no binge drinking (non-BD) (Mota et al, 2013; López-Caneda et al, 2014a,b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The three items making up this first dimension, AUDIT-C, obtain higher sensitivity and specificity values in the detection of high-risk consumption as compared to the overall scale (DeMartini and Carey, 2012; Barry et al, 2015; Cortés et al, 2016; García et al, 2016). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this regard, no consensus has been reached either, and there is still a very wide range for the AUDIT, varying between 2 and 10 points (Knight et al, 2003; Kelly et al, 2004; Clark and Moss, 2010). For minors, the most frequently used cut-off point is 4 (Chung et al, 2002; Santis et al, 2009; Cortés et al, 2016) and 3 in the AUDIT-C (Chung et al, 2002; Cortés et al, 2016). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Revision of AUDIT Consumption Items to Improve the Screening of Youth Binge Drinking

et al. 2017

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This study analyzes the appropriateness of an improved version of one of the most frequently used instruments for the screening of high-risk alcohol consumption. This adaptation was created in accordance with certain limitations recognized by other researchers and in an attempt to adjust the content and scales of some items to a more consensual definition of binge drinking. After revising items 2 and 3, the areas under the ROC curves of the AUDIT and of different abbreviated versions were calculated. A total of 906 minors (468 females) between the ages of 15 and 17 were evaluated. Stratified sampling was conducted on a population of high school students in the city of Valencia (Spain). One school was randomly chosen from each of the city’s 16 school districts. Information was collected on sociodemographic aspects, consumption patterns and the AUDIT containing the improved items. The percentage of underage BD reached 36%, regardless of gender or age. BD groups have been differentiated by different intensity levels, both in males and females. Upon comparing the effectiveness of the distinct versions of the AUDIT, it is recommended that researchers and clinics use the combination of the revised items 2 and 3 to ensure a more precise identification of underage BD. A cut-off point of 5 for this test would permit identification of 94% of the underage BD and would notably reduce false positives.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Revision of AUDIT Consumption Items to Improve the Screening of Youth Binge Drinking

et al. 2017

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Does This Patient Have Alcohol Use Disorder?

Wood,

Pan,

Cui

et al. 2024

JAMA

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ImportanceThe accuracy of screening tests for alcohol use disorder (defined as a problematic pattern of alcohol use leading to clinically significant impairment or distress) requires reassessment to align with the latest definition in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (Fifth Edition) (DSM-5).ObjectiveTo assess the diagnostic accuracy of screening tools in identifying individuals with alcohol use disorder as defined in the DSM-5.Data Sources and Study SelectionThe databases of MEDLINE and Embase were searched (January 2013-February 2023) for original studies on the diagnostic accuracy of brief screening tools to identify alcohol use disorder according to the DSM-5 definition. Because diagnosis of alcohol use disorder does not include excessive alcohol use as a criterion, studies of screening tools that identify excessive or high-risk drinking among younger (aged 9-18 years), older (aged ≥65 years), and pregnant persons also were retained.Data Extraction and SynthesisSensitivity, specificity, and likelihood ratios (LRs) were calculated. When appropriate, a meta-analysis was performed to calculate a summary LR.ResultsOf 4303 identified studies, 35 were retained (N = 79 633). There were 11 691 individuals with alcohol use disorder or a history of excessive drinking. Across all age categories, a score of 8 or greater on the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) increased the likelihood of alcohol use disorder (LR, 6.5 [95% CI, 3.9-11]). A positive screening result using AUDIT identified alcohol use disorder better among females (LR, 6.9 [95% CI, 3.9-12]) than among males (LR, 3.8 [95% CI, 2.6-5.5]) (P = .003). An AUDIT score of less than 8 reduced the likelihood of alcohol use disorder similarly for both males and females (LR, 0.33 [95% CI, 0.20-0.52]). The abbreviated AUDIT-Consumption (AUDIT-C) has sex-specific cutoff scores of 4 or greater for males and 3 or greater for females, but was less useful for identifying alcohol use disorder (males: LR, 1.8 [95% CI, 1.5-2.2]; females: LR, 2.0 [95% CI, 1.8-2.3]). The AUDIT-C appeared useful for identifying measures of excessive alcohol use in younger people (aged 9-18 years) and in those older than 60 years of age. For those younger than 18 years of age, the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism age-specific drinking thresholds were helpful for assessing the likelihood of alcohol use disorder at the lowest risk threshold (LR, 0.15 [95% CI, 0.11-0.21]), at the moderate risk threshold (LR, 3.4 [95% CI, 2.8-4.1]), and at the highest risk threshold (LR, 15 [95% CI, 12-19]). Among persons who were pregnant and screened within 48 hours after delivery, an AUDIT score of 4 or greater identified those more likely to have alcohol use disorder (LR, 6.4 [95% CI, 5.1-8.0]), whereas scores of less than 2 for the Tolerance, Worried, Eye-Opener, Amnesia and Cut-Down screening tool and the Tolerance, Annoyed, Cut-Down and Eye-Opener screening tool identified alcohol use disorder similarly (LR, 0.05 [95% CI, 0.01-0.20]).Conclusions and RelevanceThe AUDIT screening tool is useful to identify alcohol use disorder in adults and in individuals within 48 hours postpartum. The National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism youth screening tool is helpful to identify children and adolescents with alcohol use disorder. The AUDIT-C appears useful for identifying various measures of excessive alcohol use in young people and in older adults.

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Similarities and Differences in Diagnostic Scales

Xuan

Yang

et al. 2017

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology

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A scale plays an important role as a diagnostic tool in discriminating between addicts and non-addicts. At the beginning of this chapter, we have briefly introduced the development of substance and non-substance addiction scales, which not only include alcohol addiction, nicotine addiction and pathological gambling, but also the disputed exercise and sex addiction. While it was found that almost all addiction scales contain items relating to social impairment, preoccupation, withdrawal, and tolerance, the variability is more pronounced with non-substance addiction scales. The comparison and trends of addiction scales in the future are discussed in relation to the concept of addiction, development of assessment theory, cross-cultural applicability, and cross-sample applicability.

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Different versions of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) as screening instruments for underage binge drinking

Cited by 29 publications

References 50 publications

Revision of AUDIT Consumption Items to Improve the Screening of Youth Binge Drinking

Revision of AUDIT Consumption Items to Improve the Screening of Youth Binge Drinking

Does This Patient Have Alcohol Use Disorder?

Similarities and Differences in Diagnostic Scales

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