Different problem-solving strategies in dogs diagnosed with anxiety-related disorders and control dogs in an unsolvable task paradigm

Gazing toward humans: A study on water rescue dogs using the impossible task paradigm

“…It should be noted that in water rescue dogs gazing behaviour is reinforced to increase dogs' attention to the owner, but not in the context of problem solving. Whether dogs were gazing to seek for help in solving the task, as proposed in other studies (Cooper et al, 2003;Marshall-Pescini et al, 2013, 2009Miklósi et al, 2003Miklósi et al, , 2000Passalacqua et al, 2013Passalacqua et al, , 2011 and/or were waiting to receive commands and instruction, as they are trained to do, is unclear, thereby warranting further investigation.…”

“…In this study, dogs trained for water rescue and untrained pet dogs were compared using an 'unsolvable task paradigm' suitable for assessing independent problem-solving abilities and the propensity of dogs to seek human intervention (Marshall-Pescini et al, 2009;Miklósi et al, 2003;Passalacqua et al, 2013Passalacqua et al, , 2011.…”

“…The apparatus consisted of a glass food container (10.5 × 10.5 cm), placed on a rectangular wooden platform (77 × 34.5 cm), comparable to the apparatus used by MarshallPescini et al (2009) and Passalacqua et al (2013Passalacqua et al ( , 2011. The lid was fixed on the platform, whereas the container was placed upside down on the tracks of the lid during the solvable task trials and was locked during the unsolvable task trial (Fig.…”

“…Some authors, however, have underlined the importance of the domestication process attributing the domestic dog's sensitivity to human social cues to an human-like social cognition selected during domestication, considering such dog abilities neither simply inherited from wolves nor the result of ontogeny (Hare and Tomasello, 2005;Hare et al, 2010Hare et al, , 2002. Within an approach to socio-cognitive skills in dogs, which demonstrate the importance of selection (natural and artificial) and individual ontogenetic experiences (Miklósi and Topál, 2013;Udell et al, 2010b), a number of studies have assessed the role of learning, living conditions and the quality of the dog-human relationship in shaping the behaviour of dogs in different contexts, such as problem-solving tasks (e.g., Barrera et al, 2011;Bentosela et al, 2009Bentosela et al, , 2008Cunningham and Ramos, 2013;Horn et al, 2013;Marshall-Pescini et al, 2009, 2008Passalacqua et al, 2013;Range et al, 2009;Topál et al, 1997).…”

Correlação dos parâmetros endócrinos e comportamentais em cadelas abandonadas em programa de ressocialização

“…O primeiro padrão comportamental avaliado foi o medo, que envolvia a frequência de tremores, sua intensidade e reação ao susto (BEERDA et al, 1997;BEERDA et al, 1999a;HENNESSY et al, 2001;LUCIDI et al, 2005 Assim, o estresse imediato não gera a sensação de medo necessariamente, mas quando este estresse provoca a ansiedade constante, desenvolve adaptação à sensação de medo (MCEWEN, BRUCE. et al, 2012;LEUNER;SHORS, 2013) levando à previsibilidade futura, o que se reflete em ansiedade (DRESCHEL, NANCY., 2010;O'DONOVAN et al, 2010;LEUNER;SHORS, 2013;PASSALACQUA et al, 2013). Em humanos, este tremor independente do medo foi estudado em situações de alegria extrema, e algumas pessoas com transtorno de conversão apresentam tremores na demonstração de alegria por haver conectividade entre a amígdala e regiões associadas com a preparação motora (VOON et al, 2010 KING et al, 2000;HENNESSY et al, 2001;HAVERBEKE et al, 2008;KERSWELL et al, 2009), abanar a cauda.…”