Different Mutations Providing Target Site Resistance to ALS- and ACCase-Inhibiting Herbicides in Echinochloa spp. from Rice Fields

Amaro‐Blanco, Ignacio; Romano, Yolanda; Palmerín, José Antonio; Gordo, Raquel; Palma-Bautista, Candelario; Osuna, M. D.

doi:10.3390/agriculture11050382

Cited by 18 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 36 publications

(48 reference statements)

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“…The tendency of the broad resistance mechanisms of the individual herbicide MoAs to be similar within each cluster is in agreement with the structure of cross‐ or multiple‐resistance being shaped mostly by the similarity in the physiological or biochemical functions of the herbicides. Although cross‐resistance has been shown to occur through multiple amino acid substitutions in the specific target genes, 44 , 45 , 46 this still seems to be a rare occurrence. However, incremental genetic changes at target‐sites will lead to gradually accruing levels of cross‐resistance in weed populations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hierarchical cluster analysis of herbicide modes of action reveals distinct classes of multiple resistance in weeds

Hulme

2021

Pest Management Science

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BACKGROUND: The number of weed species resistant to multiple herbicide modes of action (MoAs) has increased over the last 30 years and may in the future render existing herbicide MoAs obsolete for many cropping systems. Yet few predictive tools exist to manage this risk. Using a worldwide dataset of weed species resistant to multiple herbicide MoAs, hierarchical clustering was used to classify MoAs into similar groups in relation to the suite of resistant weed species they have in common. Network analyses then were used to explore the relative importance of species prevalence and similarity in cluster patterns.RESULTS: Hierarchical clustering identified three similarly sized clusters of herbicide MoAs that were linked by the co-occurrence of resistant weeds: Herbicide Resistance Action Committee (HRAC) groups 2, 4, 5 and 9; HRAC groups 12, 14 and 15; and HRAC groups 1, 3 and 22. Cluster membership was consistent with similarities in the physiological or biochemical target of the herbicide MoAs. Network analyses revealed that the number of weed species resistant to two different MoAs was related to the number of weeds known to be resistant to each individual herbicide MoA. CONCLUSIONS: Hierarchical cluster analysis provided new insights into the risk of weeds becoming resistant to more than one herbicide MoA. By clustering herbicide MoAs into three distinct groups, the potential exists for farmers to manage resistance by rotating herbicides between rather than within clusters, as far as crop, weed and environmental conditions allow.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hierarchical cluster analysis of herbicide modes of action reveals distinct classes of multiple resistance in weeds

Hulme

2021

Pest Management Science

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“…Several cases of herbicide-resistant weeds have already been detected in the Spanish rice areas in recent years [27][28][29]. Worldwide, the continuous use of herbicides has led to the evolution of herbicide-resistant weeds [24].…”

Section: Herbicide Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

An Overview of Rice Cultivation in Spain and the Management of Herbicide-Resistant Weeds

et al. 2021

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Spain is the second highest rice-producing country in the European Union, with approximately 105,000 ha used to grow this crop. The major rice-producing regions in Spain are Andalusia, Extremadura, Catalonia, and Valencia, followed by Aragon and Navarre. The main soil texture throughout Spanish rice areas is silty clay loam, with alkaline soils (pH > 7.5)—except in the Extremadura area (pH = 5.5–6)—and a low organic matter content. Water quality in terms of salinity is acceptable, although in some coastal rice areas salinity issues occasionally appear to be a determining factor for high yield achievement. According to a survey carried out on farmers and technicians, the most problematic weeds found in rice crops today in Spain are Echinochloa spp., Leptochloa spp., and Cyperus difformis. Most of the currently authorized herbicides can be classified according to two modes of action: ALS-inhibiting and ACCase-inhibiting. Repeated field applications of herbicides with the same mode of action have resulted in the selection of herbicide-resistant weeds. At present, resistance has been confirmed in different regions of Spain to ALS inhibitors in Echinochloa spp., Leptochloa spp., and Cyperus difformis, and to ACCase inhibitors in Echinochloa spp. and Leptochloa spp. The mechanism of resistance in these species is a mutation in the target site of these herbicides. Several mutations have been found in the ALS gene, both in Echinochloa spp. and Cyperus difformis, distributed in the different rice-growing regions considered in this work. ACCase gene mutations have been mainly found in Leptochloa spp. individuals from Extremadura and Valencia. These different mutations have resulted in different patterns of cross-resistance to ALS- and ACCase-inhibiting herbicides. It is likely that the repeated use of these two modes of action in rice will result in the evolution of more resistant weed populations. The possible availability of new herbicides with alternative modes of action in a short space of time seems very limited, suggesting the need for a more appropriate use of the available alternative strategies (crop rotation, dry sowing, manual weeding, etc.). This work presents a review of the main characteristics of rice cultivation in Spain, emphasizing the current problems in this crop and the management of herbicide-resistant weeds.

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“…Species identification was carried out using PCR-RFLP methodology. Chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) intergenic spacer region between trnT and trnL genes was amplified with primers trn-a and trn-b1 and digested with endonuclease EcoRI (G*AATTC), whereas the entire intron region of trnL was amplified with primers trn-c and trn-d and digested with endonucleases AluI (AG*CT) and DraI (TTT*AAA) according to Amaro-Blanco et al (2021) [43] (Table S2). The reaction-restriction mixtures were incubated overnight at 37 • C. The digested products were separated on a 2% agarose gel in 1 X TBE buffer stained with ethidium bromide and visualized under UV rays with Molecular Imager ® Gel DocTM XR + (BIO-RAD, Hercules, CA, USA).…”

Section: Molecular Characterization Of Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Improved Method for Assessing Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) Variation in Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) P. Beauv (Barnyardgrass)

et al. 2021

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Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) P. Beauv. (barnyardgrass) is one of the most noxious weeds infesting Italian rice fields. It is characterized by high genetic intraspecific variability and has developed resistance to several classes of herbicides. The aim of our study was to assess, for the first time in Italy, the genetic diversity in E. crus-galli from differently managed rice fields in the Lombardy region (Northern Italy) using eight specific SSR markers. To this purpose, an amplification protocol was optimized, testing different DNA concentrations, PCR mixtures, and temperatures. A total of 48 alleles were identified in 144 samples. SSR fingerprint analysis using R 3.6.3 software (poppr, polysat, and StAMPP) allowed us to handle SSRs as codominant and polyploid data. The results suggested that genetic richness and diversity were high. The analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) indicated that genetic variation exists mainly between agronomic managements (47.23%) and among populations (37.01%). Hierarchical clustering and PCoA were in concordance with the identification of four distinct genetic groups. Our results confirm that SSR markers represent a valuable and affordable tool for the assessment of E. crus-galli genetic diversity and would grant useful information to plan more targeted, effective, and sustainable control strategies against barnyardgrass. The improved methodology applied here allowed us to assess the genetic variability of an allo-hexaploid species without information loss and biased results.

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Different Mutations Providing Target Site Resistance to ALS- and ACCase-Inhibiting Herbicides in Echinochloa spp. from Rice Fields

Cited by 18 publications

References 36 publications

Hierarchical cluster analysis of herbicide modes of action reveals distinct classes of multiple resistance in weeds

Hierarchical cluster analysis of herbicide modes of action reveals distinct classes of multiple resistance in weeds

An Overview of Rice Cultivation in Spain and the Management of Herbicide-Resistant Weeds

An Improved Method for Assessing Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) Variation in Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) P. Beauv (Barnyardgrass)

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