Differences in the Element Contents Between Gunshot Entry Wounds with Full-jacketed Bullet and Lead Bullet

Wunnapuk, Klintean; Durongkadech, Piya; Minami, Takeshi; Ruangyuttikarn, Werawan; Tohno, Setsuko; Vichairat, Karnda; Azuma, Cho; Sribanditmongkol, Pongruk; Tohno, Yoshiyuki

doi:10.1007/s12011-007-8014-6

Cited by 15 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 6 publications

(23 reference statements)

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“…In fact, these three elements, in the form of lead styphnate, barium nitrate, and antimony sulfide, are combined in a single application for one product: the mix in the primer cap of a cartridge casing. Moreover, GSR primer particles typically show a characteristic spherical shape: this particle morphology, when combined with the elemental composition, makes GSR quite distinct from many environmental particulates [7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The survival of metallic residues from gunshot wounds in cremated bone: a SEM–EDX study

et al. 2012

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The research and analysis of gunshot residues has a relevant role in the examination of gunshot wounds. Nevertheless, very little literature exists concerning gunshot wounds on charred material. In this study, 16 adult bovine ribs (eight still with soft tissues and eight totally skeletonized) underwent a shooting test with two types of projectiles (9 mm full metal-jacketed bullet and 9 mm unjacketed bullet). Each rib then underwent a charring process in an electric oven, reaching the stage of complete calcination at 800°C. The area of each entrance wound was analyzed before and after the carbonization process via a scanning electron microscope (SEM) equipped with an energy dispersive X-ray analyzer (EDX). In each sample, metallic residues composed of lead, barium, and antimony were found. These metallic residues were thus preserved also after exposure to the extremely high temperatures reached within the oven, especially with unjacketed bullets, although the particles seem to be more irregular in shape as a result of the heating process. In conclusion, this study proved that gunshot residues survive extremely high temperatures and can be detected via SEM/EDX even in cases of charred tissues.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The survival of metallic residues from gunshot wounds in cremated bone: a SEM–EDX study

et al. 2012

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“…Even if the fatal bullet was not found or it was badly damaged, identification of the responsible firearm was enabled. A combination of element and lead isotope ratio analyses in gunshot entry wounds enabled to identify the used ammunition [3,12].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The authors [3] previously investigated the concentrations of lead, zinc, copper, iron, antimony, barium, and nickel in gunshot entry wounds inflicted by both lead and fulljacketed bullets and found that the lead concentrations were significantly higher in gunshot entry wounds inflicted by lead bullets in comparison with those inflicted by full-jacketed ones. Moreover, the proportion of lead and copper, measured from retained bullets, were significantly different among the three types of bullet [12].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Discrimination of Bullet Types Using Analysis of Lead Isotopes Deposited in Gunshot Entry Wounds

Wunnapuk

Minami

Durongkadech

et al. 2009

Biol Trace Elem Res

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In order to discriminate bullet types used in firearms, of which the victims died, the authors investigated lead isotope ratios in gunshot entry wounds from nine lead (unjacketed) bullets, 15 semi-jacketed bullets, and 14 full-jacketed bullets by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. It was found that the lead isotope ratio of 207/206 in gunshot entry wounds was the highest with lead bullets, and it decreased in order from full-jacketed to semi-jacketed bullets. Lead isotope ratios of 208/206 or 208/207 to 207/206 at the gunshot entry wound were able to discriminate semi-jacketed bullets from lead and full-jacketed ones, but it was difficult to discriminate between lead and full-jacketed bullets. However, a combination of element and lead isotope ratio analyses in gunshot entry wounds enabled discrimination between lead, semi-jacketed, and full-jacketed bullets.

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“…Unjacketed bullets seem to leave much more radiopaque material when traveling through tissues [24], and radiography allows an accurate assessment of bone tissues, especially when images are observed at high magnification. In charred material it is at times common to find lesions which may look like a gunshot wound but may not be.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The survival of metallic residues from gunshot wounds in cremated bone: a radiological study

et al. 2011

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In literature, many studies have been performed in order to investigate the presence of GSR ("gunshot residue") and metallic residues in general with radiological techniques on several types of material, but the survival of metallic residues on charred samples has never been systematically performed. In this study, 31 adult bovine ribs underwent a shooting test. Every rib was shot with a single bullet, at a near-contact shooting distance, using two kinds of projectile: 17 samples were shot with a full metal-jacketed bullet and the remaining 14 with an unjacketed bullet. After the shooting test, every rib underwent a "charring cycle" in an electric oven up to 800°C. Every sample underwent radiological investigation with conventional radiography, before and after the burning process, to evaluate any changes in number and distribution of metallic residues. Radiographs showed survival of radiopaque residues in every sample, even after the charring process, especially when the bullet used was of the unjacketed type.

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Differences in the Element Contents Between Gunshot Entry Wounds with Full-jacketed Bullet and Lead Bullet

Cited by 15 publications

References 6 publications

The survival of metallic residues from gunshot wounds in cremated bone: a SEM–EDX study

The survival of metallic residues from gunshot wounds in cremated bone: a SEM–EDX study

Discrimination of Bullet Types Using Analysis of Lead Isotopes Deposited in Gunshot Entry Wounds

The survival of metallic residues from gunshot wounds in cremated bone: a radiological study

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