Differences in Fear of Isolation as an explanation of Cultural Differences: Evidence from memory and reasoning

Kim, Kyungil; Markman, Arthur B.

doi:10.1016/j.jesp.2005.06.005

Cited by 42 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 43 publications

(59 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Inducing a high level of FOI lead participants to attend more to relationships between context and focal objects and resulted in participants being more likely to incorrectly recognize an old animal when it appeared with a new background than with an old background. Interestingly, using identical materials used by Masuda and Nisbett (2001) and Peng and Nisbett (1999), Kim and Markman (2006) found that following the FOI manipulation, participants in the high FOI group were more likely to rely on context (as opposed to target) in a recognition memory task. Thus, US American participants were more likely to recognize an animal when it appeared with the original background than when it appeared with a new background following the FOI manipulation.…”

Section: Demonstrating Differences Vs Causally Understanding Differementioning

confidence: 97%

“…In this paper, we begin by discussing two separate approaches to cross-cultural research, one that focuses on individualism vs. collectivism (e.g., Nisbett et al 2001) and another that focuses on chronic social/environmental factors (e.g., Kim and Markman 2006;Miyamoto et al 2006). Then, we discuss the possibility of a within-Western culture difference between Italian and US American reasoning style and that the cause of this difference is, in part, due to within-cultural chronic differences in Fear of Isolation (FOI).…”

Section: Intercultural Differences In Reasoning Stylesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The attempt to demonstrate that collectivism vs. individualism is the fountain of the Eastern vs. Western cross-cultural differences underestimates the fact that there are much greater within-culture variations on this dimension than between-culture (Hong and Chiu, 2001). Unfortunately, some intercultural studies do little in helping us understand why Easterners and Westerners have different reasoning styles (exceptions include, Chiu et al 2010;Kim and Markman 2006;Nisbett 2006, Ross andWang 2010).…”

Section: Demonstrating Differences Vs Causally Understanding Differementioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, Masuda and Nisbett (2006) found that Japanese towns contained more objects and were more complex than US American towns and that American and Japanese participants when primed with pictures of Japanese towns performed better on a change-blindness task than when primed with pictures of US American towns. Kim and Markman (2006) consider chronic social factors, like FOI, as a causal mechanism for cultural differences. FOI is the anxiety or fear of situations where one feels lonely, alone, confined or quarantined (Baumeister and Leary 1995).…”

Section: Demonstrating Differences Vs Causally Understanding Differementioning

confidence: 99%

“…FOI is the anxiety or fear of situations where one feels lonely, alone, confined or quarantined (Baumeister and Leary 1995). Kim and Markman (2006) not only demonstrated that Easterners have higher levels of FOI than Westerners but they also experimentally manipulated FOI (for US Americans). In the low FOI group, participants wrote about an experience in which they had isolated another individual from their group, while in the high FOI group, participants wrote about an experience of being isolated from a group.…”

Section: Demonstrating Differences Vs Causally Understanding Differementioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

West vs. West like East vs. West? A comparison between Italian and US American context sensitivity and Fear of Isolation

Federici

Stella²,

Dennis

et al. 2010

Cogn Process

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Easterners tend to process information more holistically than Westerners. Kim and Markman (J Exp Soc Psychol 42(3):350-364, 2006) suggest that these differences are rooted in higher chronic levels of Fear of Isolation (FOI) for those cultures that process information more holistically. The goal of this study was to determine if these differences and their suggested cause could be found with two different Western cultures. Testing Italian (IT) and US American (US) adults, we found that IT participants processed information more holistically and had a higher chronic level of FOI than US participants; furthermore, the manipulation of FOI affected context sensitivity more for IT than for US participants. The results demonstrate that IT participants were more similar to previous research with Eastern populations than with Western populations (Kim and Markman in J Exp Soc Psychol 42(3):350-364, 2006) and indicate a within-Western culture difference for reasoning styles and support the hypothesis that this difference is due to different chronic levels of FOI.

show abstract

Section: Demonstrating Differences Vs Causally Understanding Differementioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Intercultural Differences In Reasoning Stylesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Demonstrating Differences Vs Causally Understanding Differementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Demonstrating Differences Vs Causally Understanding Differementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Demonstrating Differences Vs Causally Understanding Differementioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

West vs. West like East vs. West? A comparison between Italian and US American context sensitivity and Fear of Isolation

Federici

Stella²,

Dennis

et al. 2010

Cogn Process

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Public Opinion

Lamp¹

2017

The International Encyclopedia of Media Effects

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In its oldest and original meaning, the term public opinion refers to a force of social control. It confronts the individual as well as the governing body, causing social integration. Whereas the phenomenon public opinion has pan‐cultural validity, its elements are bound to a given space and time. The features of public opinion as social control and the human beings's social nature as its driving force need to be differentiated despite their general validity for all cultures. There are intercultural differences between individualist and collectivist societies, with their corresponding independent or interdependent self‐constructs of individuals.

show abstract

Counterfeits can benefit original products when people are caught using counterfeits

Wang,

Chan

et al. 2024

Psychology and Marketing

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Existing literature has examined the influence of a counterfeit on the original brand in the prior or middle purchase phases. Our work aims to expand the literature by analyzing the post‐purchase phase of counterfeit consumption. In four studies, we examine the effects of product message appeal (symbolic vs. utilitarian) and self‐construal (interdependent vs. independent) on preference changes and purchase intentions of consumers toward original products when they are caught using counterfeits. Individuals with interdependent (vs. independent) self‐construal are more likely to increase their preference and purchase intention for original products after being caught using symbolic rather than utilitarian counterfeits. Moreover, face restoration mediates the interaction effect between product message appeal and self‐construal on the purchase intent of consumers in procuring original products. The patterns are consistent in both hypothetical scenarios and counterfeit consumption experience. Our work suggests that companies or brand, whose products are often copied or imitated should pay more attention to establishing their unique characteristics and the primary value of their product delivered to the consumers through product design and marketing mix strategies.

show abstract

Differences in Fear of Isolation as an explanation of Cultural Differences: Evidence from memory and reasoning

Cited by 42 publications

References 43 publications

West vs. West like East vs. West? A comparison between Italian and US American context sensitivity and Fear of Isolation

West vs. West like East vs. West? A comparison between Italian and US American context sensitivity and Fear of Isolation

Public Opinion

Counterfeits can benefit original products when people are caught using counterfeits

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About