“…Depressive symptoms. Depressive symptoms were assessed in waves 1, 2, 4, 5, 6 and 7, using the EURO-D scale 45 , which is a self-assessment tool to measure symptoms of depression in older adults across Europe and has been used in many previous studies [46][47][48] . The EURO-D scale consists of 12 items (depressed mood, pessimism, wishing death, guilt, sleep, interest, irritability, appetite, fatigue, concentration, enjoyment, and tearfulness), which are scored 0 (symptom not present) or 1 (symptom present), with the reference period being the last month.…”