“…It refers to a set of internal control mechanisms, such as board structure (i.e., the characteristics of the board of directors, executives vs. non-executive, etc. ), leadership structure, and the ownership structure of the firm (i.e., family, managerial, or block-holder ownership), and external control mechanisms (i.e., changes in stock price, employment market for managers, and market for corporate control) whose aim is to protect the interest of public shareholders (Engel et al, 2002;Chahine, 2007;Kusumaningtias et al, 2016;Li et al, 2017;Sanchez-Marin et al, 2017;Shibani and De Fuentes, 2017;Yeh, 2017;Yu et al, 2017). These mechanisms allow fund providers to guarantee the return of their financial investments (Shleifer and Vishny, 1997;Chahine, 2007).…”