Diferenciais salariais para o setor cultural e ocupações artísticas no Brasil

Abstract

Este artigo analisa o diferencial de salários dos trabalhadores do setor cultural e dos artistas no Brasil usando dados da Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios de 2002 a 2007. Para identificar os fatores que mais contribuem para as diferenças de remuneração foi utilizado o estimador de efeitos fixos em um modelo de pseudo painel de coortes, considerando a correção de viés de seleção através do procedimento de Heckman. Em geral, trabalhadores do setor cultural e artistas são melhores remunerados que os demais trabalhadores, notando-se a importância da correção do viés e dos controles de efeitos fixos de gerações. Por meio da decomposição de Oaxaca, o fator que mais contribui para as diferenças salariais é o de características setoriais.<br>This paper analyses the wage differentials among workers from the cultural sector and the artists in Brazil using data from PNAD - a household survey conducted by the Brazilian Statistics Bureau (IBGE) - from 2002 to 2007. In order to identify the features that contribute to the differences we use the fixed effects estimator in a cohort pseudo panel model, paying attention to the correction of the selection bias using the Heckman's approach. In general, workers from the cultural sector and artists have higher wages than other workers. After correcting the selection bias and fixed effects, these differences are even higher. By the Oaxaca decomposition analysis, the cultural sector characteristics are the most important factor that generates these wage differences

Spatial analysis of cultural activities in the microregions of Minas Gerais

“…We can cite some works such as Silva et al (2008), Giacomini (2008, 2009), Duarte and Menezes (2008), Valiati (2008), Diniz and Machado (2009), Santana and Menezes (2009), Porsse et al (2009), Diniz (2009), and Ferreira Neto et al (2012 that make a regional approach of the cultural issue. It is important to stress however, that none of them, although working at regional aspects, at any moment, try to verify or compare regions regarding these cultural regional characteristics.…”

“…It is possible to highlight a few, such as: (i) generation of employment and income, discussed by Benhamou (2007), Bertini (2008), Diniz (2009), Porsse et al (2009) and Ferreira Neto et al (2012; (ii) production and consumption of artistic and cultural goods, discussed by Markusen and Schrock (2006), Diniz (2009), Porsse et al (2009, Duarte and Menezes (2008), Santana and Menezes (2009) and Diniz and Machado (2009); (iii) regional development, discussed by Markusen and King (2003), Markusen and Schrock (2006) raising questions related to the diversification of local economies and artistic activities, Markusen et al (2008) arguing about creative and cultural industry, beyond others, such as Valiati (2008), Bem and Giacomini (2008, 2009), Silva et al (2008) and Tatsch et al (2009 Finally, this paper tries to fill in a gap in the literature by analyzing the cultural aspects in spatial terms, and therefore, comparing several regions, in our case, the microregions of Minas Gerais. We have no knowledge that a work that does the same for Brazil or any other country has been developed so far.…”

How Much Does Talent Matter? Evidence from the Brazilian Formal Cultural Industry

“…It is important to highlight that there are few works (Ferreira Neto et al, 2012;Machado et al, 2013) in the literature that analyze the wage in the Brazilian cultural industries. Also we have no knowledge of a paper that used a true panel to analyze the difference in wages between cultural workers and others for the Brazilian case.…”