“…Fasting insulin (pmol/L), glucose (mmol/L), total cholesterol (TC, mmol/L), triglycerides (mmol/L), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C, mmol/L), high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C, mmol/L), apolipoproteins A-1 (Apo A-1, mg/mL) and B-100 (Apo B-100, g/L) and low-grade and visceral inflammation [C-reactive protein (CRP, μg/mL), tumor necrosis factor (TNF, pg/mL)-α, interleukin (IL, pg/mL)-6, adiponectin (ng/mL) and leptin (ng/mL)] were measured on fasting blood, as described previously [ 9 , 38 ]. The homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was calculated [ 39 ]. Cardiometabolic complications were defined and categorized [ 9 ]—obesity (yes or no), pre-hypertension/hypertension (yes or no), insulin resistance (yes or no) and dyslipidemia (yes or no).…”