Dietary Hesperidin Exerts Hypoglycemic and Hypolipidemic Effects in Streptozotocin-Induced Marginal Type 1 Diabetic Rats

Abstract

Citrus bioflavonoids may offer some protection against the early stage of diabetes mellitus and the development of complications. We investigated the effect of hesperidin on blood glucose levels, hepatic glucose-regulating enzyme activities, serum insulin and adiponectin levels, serum and hepatic lipid levels, and parameters of bone loss in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced marginal type 1 diabetic rats. Weanling male rats were randomly assigned to experimental 3 groups: a control (C) group, a STZ induced marginal type 1 diabetes (S) group, and a diabetes and hesperidin group, and fed their respective diets for 4 weeks. STZ injection increased blood glucose in rats, but the increase was marginal. Serum and hepatic lipids, serum adiponectin and insulin levels were significantly changed by STZ injection. Dietary hesperidin (10 g/kg diet) decreased blood glucose by altering the activity of glucose-regulating enzymes, and normalized the lipids and adiponectin levels, but did not change bone parameters in the marginal type 1 diabetic rats. Hesperidin showed both hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects but did not affect bone tissue and bone metabolic makers in STZ-injected marginal diabetic weanling rats without any body weight loss due to STZ injection.

Assessment of the Antidiabetic Potential of an Aqueous Extract of Honeybush (Cyclopia intermedia) in Streptozotocin and Obese Insulin Resistant Wistar Rats

“…Other compounds in the extract could also contribute to the observed hypoglycaemic effect through synergistic or additive effects. Hesperidin, in particular, comprising 0.35% of the honeybush extract, was shown to have a hypoglycaemic effect in marginally hyperglycaemic Wistar rats normalising their blood glucose concentrations after 16 days (Akiyama et al, 2010). Jung et al (2004), using a spontaneously diabetic C57BL/KsJdb/db mouse model, showed that a 5-wk supplementation of the diet with 0.02% hesperidin ameliorated the development of hyperglycaemia in these mice.…”

“…Jung et al (2004), using a spontaneously diabetic C57BL/KsJdb/db mouse model, showed that a 5-wk supplementation of the diet with 0.02% hesperidin ameliorated the development of hyperglycaemia in these mice. Both Akiyama et al (2010) and Jung et al (2004) attributed the hypoglycaemic effect of hesperidin to upregulation of glucose regulating enzymes, in particular glucokinase, which enhances glycolysis and increases glycogen synthesis.…”

“…Hesperidin ( Fig. 1), another antioxidant and compound demonstrating hypoglycaemic properties in rodents (Akiyama et al, 2010;Jung et al, 2004), is also one of the major monomeric polyphenols present in Cyclopia spp. .…”

Evaluation of the Intravenous and Topical Routes for Ocular Delivery of Hesperidin and Hesperetin

“…Importantly, several studies indicate that hesperetin is more active than hesperidin. [37][38][39][40][41] In our studies, male NZW rabbits were used. Rabbits have been widely used to study ocular pharmacokinetics of drugs.…”

Molecular docking of citrus flavonoids with some targets related to diabetes

“…Likewise, hesperidin, naringin and nobiletin also showed hypoglycemic effects by improving insulin sensitivity in diabetic animals (Akiyama et al, 2009;Akiyama et al, 2010;Jung et al, 2006;Jung et al, 2004;Lee et al, 2010). However, whether these citrus flavonoids regulated blood glucose via other target proteins or genes related to diabetes were unclear.…”