Dietary habits, oral impact on daily performance and type 2 diabetes: a matched case-control study from Sudan

Abstract

BackgroundIt is evident that social and behavioural factors influence on individuals’ general health and quality of life. Nevertheless, information about the influence of dietary habits on oral health-related quality of life is limited; especially among patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). The aim of this study was to examine the influence of dietary habits and clinical oral health indicators on oral health-related quality of life in individuals with and without T2D.MethodsA total of 149 T2D cases and 298 controls were recruited for this age and gender matched case-control study. Questionnaire-guided interviews were conducted to collect data about socio-demographic characteristics, consumption of food items per week (milk, meat, eggs, vegetables, fruits, sweets and bread) and oral impact on daily performance (OIDP). Plaque index, bleeding on probing, probing depth, tooth mobility, decayed, missing and filled teeth index (DMFT) and root caries were recorded.ResultsDifficulty with eating and sleeping were more frequently reported by T2D cases (23.5% and 16.1%, respectively) than by the controls (10.7% and 5.0%, respectively) (P < 0.01). After adjusting for diabetic status, plaque index, bleeding on probing, probing depth, tooth mobility, root caries, and missing teeth, those with high consumption of milk and sweets, were more likely than those with low consumption to report any oral impact (OIDP > 0). The corresponding ORs were 1.23 (1.01–4.89) and 2.10 (1.08–4.09), respectively. Participants with low consumption of meat and vegetables were more likely than their counterparts with high consumption to report any oral impact. The corresponding ORs were 0.46 (0.25–0.83) and 0.38 (0.17–0.87), respectively. There was a significant interaction between diabetic status and meat consumption as well as between diabetic status and bread consumption.ConclusionsOral impacts were more frequently reported in T2D cases than controls. Independent of diabetic- and oral clinical status, dietary habits discriminated between individuals with and without oral impacts. The influence of meat and bread consumption on OIDP varied significantly according to T2D status.

Factors that influence the oral impact on daily performance of older people in Brazil: A cross‐sectional population‐based study

“…Population‐based studies have shown that prevalence of oral impacts on the quality of life of older people ranged between 14% and 57.8% worldwide . Other less representative cross‐sectional studies have found prevalence of OIDP ranging between 57.9% and 92.7% . Of these studies, few considered the impact of characteristics other than clinical oral status on OIDP .…”

“…8,12,14,16 Other less representative cross-sectional studies have found prevalence of OIDP ranging between 57.9% and 92.7%. 7,9,13,15 Of these studies, few considered the impact of characteristics other than clinical oral status on OIDP. 12,14,16 This study has shown that prevalence of oral impacts on the quality of life of older people was defined by their clinical oral status and by means of contextual socio-economic and individual socio-demographic characteristics.…”

“…The impact of oral health conditions on the population's well‐being and quality of life has been remarkably investigated worldwide . Nevertheless, not all investigations are population‐based studies.…”

“…2,6 The impact of oral health conditions on the population's well-being and quality of life has been remarkably investigated worldwide. [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] Nevertheless, not all investigations are population-based studies. In addition, the impact of factors other than oral health conditions must be investigated, such as for example of the use of dental services, self-perceived oral health, self-perception of treatment needs and people's overall satisfaction with their own teeth and mouth.…”

The association between various biological, behavioural and psychosocial factors and type 2 diabetes mellitus in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis

“…The majority of the studies used a cross-sectional design (86%). Only 4 studies (6%) [21,66,79,115] reported longitudinal data and 6% were case-control studies [16,61,116,117]. More studies were conducted in urban areas (41%) compared to rural areas (21%), with 33% of studies conducted in both geographical areas.…”