Diet composition for three sciaenids caught off northeastern Brazil

Abstract

Resumen.-Larimus breviceps, Isopisthus parvipinnis y Paralonchurus brasiliensis son las 3 especies de Sciaenidae más abundantes en la Reserva Extractiva Marina de Corumbau, en Bahia, nordeste de Brasil. Se analizaron los cambios ontogenéticos y estacionales en las dietas de estas especies. Estos cambios pueden reflejar las adaptaciones y mecanismos de coexistencia utilizados por estas especies. El muestreo se llevó a cabo entre diciembre 2007 y septiembre 2008 con arrastreros. Los peces y las gambas fueron los principales recursos consumidos por estas 3 especies. Para L. breviceps y P. brasiliensis, Sergestidae fue el alimento dominante (junto con poliquetos para el segundo), mientras que los peces fueron el elemento más importante para I. parvipinnis. Se observaron valores bajos de amplitud de nicho para todas las especies. El Índice de Similitud de Morisita indicó baja superposición entre las dietas de las 3 especies en la mayoría de las estaciones del año, a excepción de L. breviceps y I. parvipinnis, que mostraron valores superiores al 80% en todas las estaciones, excepto en verano. Aunque estas especies mostraron diferencias en la posición y orientación de su boca, esencialmente utilizan los mismos recursos. El hábito de alimentación carnívoro, principalmente carcinófago, prevaleció entre los Sciaenidae estudiados.Palabras clave: Hábitos de alimentación, coexistencia, superposición de nicho, amplitud de nicho, nordeste de Brasil Abstract.-Larimus breviceps, Isopisthus parvipinnis, and Paralonchurus brasiliensis are the 3 most abundant species of Sciaenidae in the Marine Extractive Reserve of Corumbau in Bahia (northeastern Brazil). Ontogenetic and seasonal changes in the diet of these species were analyzed. These changes may reflect adaptations and coexistence mechanisms used by those species. Sampling took place between December 2007 and September 2008 with otter trawlers. Fishes and shrimps were the main resources consumed by these 3 species. For L. breviceps and P. brasiliensis, Sergestidae was the dominant food item (together with polychaetes for the latter) and fishes were the most important item for I. parvipinnis. Low values of niche breadth were observed for all species. The Morisita Similarity Index indicated a general pattern of low overlap between the diets of the three species analyzed in most of the seasons, with the exception of L. breviceps and I. parvipinnis, which showed values higher than 80% in all seasons, with the exception of summer. Although these species showed differences in the position and orientation of their mouth, they essentially use the same resources. The carnivorous feeding habit prevailed among the studied Sciaenidae, with predominance of the carcinophagous habit.

Feeding preferences and diet overlap of sciaenids fishes in Pabean Bay, Indramayu

“…Studi ekologi trofik ikan merupakan sebuah kajian yang esensial untuk memahami fungsi dan peran fungsional ikan di dalam ekosistem, meskipun ikan tersebut bukan harus merupakan salah satu ikan ekonomis penting (Muto et al 2001;Xu et al 2005, Zahid et al 2015Putri et al 2022). Melalui studi komposisi makanan ikan, dapat diketahui relung makanan ikan, dapat dibangun model dan jejaring trofik ikan penghuni perairan (Santos et al 2016;Simanjuntak et al 2011), dan selanjutnya juga mampu mencerminkan berbagai inter-aksi biologis yang terjadi baik antarspesies maupun intraspesies seperti pemangsaan dan kompetisi (Wang et al 2022;Manang-kalangi et al 2019). Informasi mengenai pemanfaatan makanan, pembagian sumber daya makanan dan interaksi kompetisi yang terjadi antarspesies maupun intraspesies ikan laut sangat penting di dalam memahami ekosistem perairan laut dan bermanfaat dalam pengembangan pengelolaan, konservasi dan pemanfaatan berkelanjutan sumber daya ikan (Greenstreet & Rogers, 2006).…”

Past and Contemporaneous Otolith Fingerprints Reveal Potential Anthropogenic Interferences and Allows Refinement of the Population Structure of Isopisthus parvipinnis in the South Brazil Bight

“…I. parvipinnis is a seasonal species usually found on the inner continental shelf at 23° S [ 27 ]. I. parvipinnis is mainly a piscivorous fish, and its feeding regime varies with season and ontogeny [ 28 , 29 ]. During spring and summer, individuals sporadically move to the most open areas of the Guaratuba Bay, southern Brazil, and feed on fish and crustaceans.…”

Wake of Death: Using historical and contemporaneous data to evaluate the >i<Isopisthus parvipinnis>/i< (Sciaenidae) population structure at the Southwest Atlantic Ocean (23º - 26.9ºS)

“…The bigtooth corvina is a seasonal species usually found on the inner continental shelf at 23 o S (Rossi-Wongtschowski and Paes, 1993). I. parvipinnis can be classified as piscivorous or carcinophage and its feeding habits are related to ontogeny and season (Soares, 1989;Santos et al, 2016). This species can migrate between the mangroves in the region of Guaratuba Bay, Southern Brazil and the open sea at Paraná State, 26 o S (Chaves et al, 1998).…”

“…Diet variations for I. parvipinnis were observed in different Brazilian coastal regions. In Ilhéus and Corumbau regions (Bahia state), as well as in São Sebastião (São Paulo state, close to the NSP sampling location), decapods are the main prey (Romero et al, 2008;Santos et al, 2016;Soares et al, 2008). However, in Guaratuba bay (Paraná state, south of the PR sampling location) fish was described as the main prey (Chaves et al, 1998).…”

“…Isopisthus parvipinnis is a demerso-pelagic carnivorous species with a restricted Costa Rica to Southern Brazil (Froese and Pauly, 2019) food range, consisting primarily of teleosts and decapods, varying between the different occurrence regions. In Brazilian waters, Decapoda Dendobranchiata was the most frequent prey in Ilhéus, Bahia state -BA (Romero et al, 2008), and São Sebastião, São Paulo state -SP (Soares et al, 2008); while in the Guaratuba bay, in Paraná state -PR (Chaves et al, 1998), and in Corumbau Extractive Marine Reserve -BA (Santos et al, 2016), it was fish. Changes in food preferences can also be observed, such as in the Santos bay (SP), where decapods were described by Soares (1989) as the main preys in the 1970s, and fish, in the 2000s, by (Muto et al, 2014).…”