Die Normung von Implantaten am Beispiel ?Knochenschrauben?

Abstract

The increasing use of orthopaedic implants makes international efforts of standardization with their objectives unification and benefit of the patient necessary and sufficient. In 1975 an ISO-Draft for "bone-screws" has been finished. To get experimental data there was a test series of breaking bone-screws of five producers by torsional stress. Comparable screws showed considerable differences. The control of conformity to standards gave partially distinct differences to the standard profile and different hardness values, what affects to the screws' security of twisting off.

Impact Resistance of Antibiotic-Impregnated Orthopedic Bone Cement

“…[3,[5][6][7] Furthermore, a few study reports the impact strength of bone cement but no data is currently available on the impact strength of antibiotic impregnated bone cement. [21,22,23] The focus of the current biomechanical study was, hence, set to determine the change in impact strength of commonly used antibiotic-cement configurations. For this purpose, the pendulum impact resistance testing method, as described in ASTM D256-06, was accurately employed to measure the impact strength of different bone cement configurations.…”

“…The cement strength studies have been based on uniaxial, biaxial and fatigue testing methodologies using tension, flexural, or compressive testing [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. Among the reported properties, the impact strength of bone cement has received very little attention; with the only reports are those by Ungethulum and Hinterberger [21], Ege [22] and Lewis and Mladsi [23]. The latter study developed a bench-top in-house impact tester to determine the impact strength of four different bone cements, i.e., Surgical Simplex® P (Stryker Howmedica Osteonics Corp., Rutherford, NJ) and three forms of Palacos® R (Smith & Nephew Inc., Memphis, TN), one in which the powder constituents had been sterilized by the manufacturer and the other two had been sterilized with different dozes of gamma radiation.…”

“…Although the effect of factors such as sterilization method, test specimen configuration and the type of cement on the impact strength was reported [21][22][23], to our knowledge the effects of adding different antibiotics to cement has not specifically been investigated. Therefore, the objective of the present work was set to accurately measure the change in the impact strength of several commonly used antibiotic-cement configurations.…”