Dicer-2- and Piwi-Mediated RNA Interference in Rift Valley Fever Virus-Infected Mosquito Cells

Léger, Psylvia; Lara, Estelle; Jagla, Bernd; Sismeiro, Odile; Mansuroglu, Zeyni; Coppée, Jean‐Yves; Bonnefoy, Eliette; Bouloy, Michèle

doi:10.1128/jvi.02795-12

Cited by 132 publications

(162 citation statements)

References 76 publications

(82 reference statements)

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“…Since then, work on the subject has centered exclusively on mosquito-arbovirus experimental systems. In Aedes mosquitoes and cell lines, an expanded family of Piwi proteins is expressed in somatic tissues, and viral-derived piRNAs (vpiRNAs) are produced from the genomes of several arboviruses (23,(25)(26)(27)(28)(29). Functional links among the piRNA pathway, arbovirus replication, and vpiRNA production have been described as well.…”

Section: Significancementioning

confidence: 99%

piRNA pathway is not required for antiviral defense in Drosophila melanogaster

Petit

Mongelli

Frangeul

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Since its discovery, RNA interference has been identified as involved in many different cellular processes, and as a natural antiviral response in plants, nematodes, and insects. In insects, the small interfering RNA (siRNA) pathway is the major antiviral response. In recent years, the Piwi-interacting RNA (piRNA) pathway also has been implicated in antiviral defense in mosquitoes infected with arboviruses. Using Drosophila melanogaster and an array of viruses that infect the fruit fly acutely or persistently or are vertically transmitted through the germ line, we investigated in detail the extent to which the piRNA pathway contributes to antiviral defense in adult flies. Following virus infection, the survival and viral titers of Piwi, Aubergine, Argonaute-3, and Zucchini mutant flies were similar to those of wild type flies. Using next-generation sequencing of small RNAs from wild type and siRNA mutant flies, we showed that no viral-derived piRNAs were produced in fruit flies during different types of viral infection. Our study provides the first evidence, to our knowledge, that the piRNA pathway does not play a major role in antiviral defense in adult Drosophila and demonstrates that viral-derived piRNA production depends on the biology of the host–virus combination rather than being part of a general antiviral process in insects.

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Section: Significancementioning

confidence: 99%

piRNA pathway is not required for antiviral defense in Drosophila melanogaster

Petit

Mongelli

Frangeul

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…The different replication strategies of these viruses may require different control mechanisms. The recent discovery of putative new antiviral responses such as melanisation and, particularly, the implication of piRNAs in mosquito antiviral immunity against a variety of arboviruses (CHIKV, SFV, SINV, DENV, LACV, RVFV, SBV and BTV) [45,68,82,102,103,123], show how complex the arthropod immune system is and how far there is still to go in understanding it. One of the questions that will surely be addressed in the future is how virus-derived piRNAs are generated and whether it is possible to use the knowledge gained to benefit vector control strategies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In another study, both U4.4 and Aag2 cells produced piRNAs after infection with the alphavirus Semliki Forest virus (SFV), and knockdown of one of the PIWI proteins, PIWI4, resulted in an increase in SFV replication, demonstrating that activity of a PIWI protein was involved in controlling arbovirus replication [102]. In addition, PIWI-mediated RNAi has been observed in Aag2, U4.4 and C6/36 cells infected with the bunyavirus Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) [68]. All three cell lines were shown to produce viRNAs with a PIWI signature, in particular late in infection after the peak of 21 nt viRNA production.…”

Section: Mirnasmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While the generation of exogenous siRNAs has been implicated in antiviral defences in arthropods, miRNAs and piRNAs have mainly been associated with regulation of gene expression and control of transposons in germlines (reviewed by [5,55]); however, recently their role in virus infection has become more apparent. Numerous small RNA profiles of arbovirus-infected mosquitoes or mosquito cells have been published [45,68,84,111,123] and have provided insights into the importance of the different small RNA pathways during arbovirus infection. Knowledge gained about antiviral RNAi over the last decade has also led to new techniques for virus discovery.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antiviral responses of arthropod vectors: an update on recent advances

et al. 2014

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Arthropod vectors, such as mosquitoes, ticks, biting midges and sand flies, transmit many viruses that can cause outbreaks of disease in humans and animals around the world. Arthropod vector species are invading new areas due to globalisation and environmental changes, and contact between exotic animal species, humans and arthropod vectors is increasing, bringing with it the regular emergence of new arboviruses. For future strategies to control arbovirus transmission, it is important to improve our understanding of virus-vector interactions. In the last decade knowledge of arthropod antiviral immunity has increased rapidly. RNAi has been proposed as the most important antiviral response in mosquitoes and it is likely to be the most important antiviral response in all arthropods. However, other newly-discovered antiviral strategies such as melanisation and the link between RNAi and the JAK/STAT pathway via the cytokine Vago have been characterised in the last few years. This review aims to summarise the most important and most recent advances made in arthropod antiviral immunity.

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“…21 Several studies have recently confirmed the presence of vsRNAs in virus-infected insects and cell lines, thus confirming the role of Dicer protein in processing the virus dsRNAs. [22][23][24] The resulting siRNAs with 5' adenosine Figure 1. RNAi pathways in insects.…”

Section: Small Interfering Rnasmentioning

confidence: 99%