Diagnostic criteria for sarcopenia and physical performance

Abstract

Relative and absolute muscle mass and muscle strength are used as diagnostic criteria for sarcopenia. We aimed to assess which diagnostic criteria are most associated with physical performance in 180 young (18-30 years) and 281 healthy old participants (69-81 years) of the European study MYOAGE. Diagnostic criteria included relative muscle mass (total or appendicular lean mass (ALM) as percentage of body mass), absolute muscle mass (ALM/height squared and total lean mass), knee extension torque, and handgrip strength. Physical performance comprised walking speed, Timed Up and Go test (TUG), and in a subgroup physical fitness. Diagnostic criteria for sarcopenia and physical performance were standardized, and the associations were analyzed using linear regression models stratified by age category, with adjustments for age, gender, and country. In old participants, relative muscle mass was associated with faster walking speed, faster TUG, and higher physical fitness (all p<0.001). Absolute muscle mass was not associated with physical AGE (2014) performance. Knee extension torque and handgrip strength were associated with faster walking speed (both p≤0.003). Knee extension torque was associated with TUG (p=0.001). Knee extension torque and handgrip strength were not associated with physical fitness. In young participants, there were no significant associations between diagnostic criteria for sarcopenia and physical performance, except for a positive association between relative muscle mass and physical fitness (p<0.001). Relative muscle mass, defined as lean mass or ALM percentage, was most associated with physical performance. Absolute muscle mass including ALM/height squared was not associated with physical performance. This should be accounted for when defining sarcopenia.

Qualitative muscle mass index as a predictor of skeletal muscle function deficit in Asian older adults

“…Some recent studies implied that if there are two people who have the same ALM/height 2 , a short or obese person might have overestimated relative muscle mass or physical performance compared with a tall or normal‐weight individual . In this context, %ALM was more highly associated with incident mobility impairment than was unadjusted muscle mass or muscle mass adjusted only for height . In contrast, because differences in height and fatness might influence physical performance, even %ALM is limited in its ability to represent appropriate muscle mass according to height, and can lead to underestimation in lean individuals with normal muscle function .…”

“…To overcome the limitations of previous indices, this study implicated that QMI are more reliable for defining relatively low physical capability among older adults, because they measure bodyweight or fatness along with height. Therefore, it is necessary to consider muscle mass relative to personal anthropometric characteristics when defining sarcopenia …”

“…Skeletal muscle was defined as the sum of ALM from both arms and legs. ALM was converted to relative muscle mass indices by dividing by height in meters squared (ALM/height 2 ) or weight (%ALM) . Apart from this, we additionally corrected ALM for combined indicators of height and either weight or waist circumference, such as BMI (ALM BMI ), BSA (ALM BSA ) and WHtR (ALM WHtR ), respectively.…”

“…Appendicular lean mass adjusted for bodyweight or body mass index (BMI) has been recently recommended as a more valid index of muscle mass, because of its potential to encompass the evolving concepts of sarcopenia and other forms of age‐related muscle dysfunction . Regarding to sarcopenia definition, it is important to consider muscle strength and physical performance as an optimum muscle mass index.…”

Стан Скелетної М’язової Тканини В Жінок Української Популяції

“…Суглоби. Хребет, ISSN 2224ISSN -1507 Практична медицина / Practical Medicine 80 років і старше [6]. Атрофія м'язової тканини перебі-гає по-різному у функціонально різних м'язах.…”